Pandey Ravi K, Lwin Bo B, Vashishta Apoorva, Nishat Samreen, Mueka Isaac N, Hassan Maria U, Nwosu Marcellina
Clinical Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 7;16(8):e66365. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66365. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Acute hyperglycemia or stress hyperglycemia is a frequent finding in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Several studies have demonstrated the association between acute hyperglycemia with short- and long-term mortality in ACS patients. But the evidence is not concrete. We gathered 1056 articles from three databases, i.e., PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct using different search strategies and filters. We then removed duplicates and 919 articles were screened with title abstract and full text. After a full-text screening of 169 articles, we removed 116 articles. We then applied eligibility criteria and did a quality assessment of articles and finally, we included 21 articles in our study. The 21 articles spanned years 2014 to 2024. Of them, 16 articles were observational studies, two were systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and three were review articles. Six articles used stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) alone, seven articles used admission blood glucose (ABG) alone, two used fasting plasma glucose (FPG) alone and one used SHR, ABG, and FPG together as a parameter to measure acute hyperglycemia. Short-term poor outcomes (in-hospital, <30 days) were studied in 12 studies, and long-term poor outcomes (>30 days-1 year, >1 year) were studied in six studies. A positive correlation between acute hyperglycemia and short- and long-term mortality was found in our 21 included studies. The three parameters which are used to quantify acute or stress hyperglycemia in our study, i.e., SHR, ABG, and FPG predict both short- and long-term mortality in ACS patients. Further study is needed to determine the accurate cutoff level of hyperglycemia to be called acute hyperglycemia in diabetics. We tried to review the recent literature on this topic to deepen our understanding of this topic and to provide a base for future research.
急性高血糖或应激性高血糖在急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者中很常见。多项研究已证实急性高血糖与ACS患者短期和长期死亡率之间存在关联。但证据并不确凿。我们使用不同的检索策略和筛选条件，从三个数据库，即PubMed、谷歌学术和科学Direct中收集了1056篇文章。然后我们去除了重复文章，对919篇文章进行了标题、摘要和全文筛选。在对169篇文章进行全文筛选后，我们剔除了116篇文章。然后我们应用入选标准并对文章进行质量评估，最终在我们的研究中纳入了21篇文章。这21篇文章涵盖了2014年至2024年。其中，16篇为观察性研究，2篇为系统评价和荟萃分析，3篇为综述文章。6篇文章单独使用应激性高血糖比率（SHR），7篇文章单独使用入院血糖（ABG），2篇文章单独使用空腹血糖（FPG），1篇文章将SHR、ABG和FPG一起作为测量急性高血糖的参数。12项研究探讨了短期不良结局（住院期间，<30天），6项研究探讨了长期不良结局（>30天至1年，>1年）。在我们纳入的21项研究中发现急性高血糖与短期和长期死亡率之间存在正相关。我们研究中用于量化急性或应激性高血糖的三个参数，即SHR、ABG和FPG可预测ACS患者的短期和长期死亡率。需要进一步研究以确定糖尿病患者中被称为急性高血糖的高血糖准确临界值。我们试图回顾关于该主题的最新文献，以加深我们对该主题的理解，并为未来研究提供基础。
