Wos Guillaume, Palomar Gemma, Marszałek Marzena, Sniegula Szymon
Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences Krakow Poland.
Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain.
Evol Appl. 2024 Sep 6;17(9):e70002. doi: 10.1111/eva.70002. eCollection 2024 Sep.
The impact of global changes on populations may not be necessarily uniform across a species' range. Here, we aim at comparing the phenotypic and transcriptomic response to warming and an invasive predator cue in populations across different geographic scales in the damselfly . We collected adult females in two ponds in southern Poland (central latitude) and two ponds in southern Sweden (high latitude). We raised their larvae in growth chambers and exposed them to combination of temperature and a predator cue released by the crayfish . When larvae reached the prefinal larval stage, they were phenotyped for traits related to growth and size and collected for a gene expression analysis. High-latitude populations exhibited greater phenotypic and transcriptomic variation than central-latitude populations. Across latitudes and ponds, temperature generally increased growth rate and the predator cue decreased mass, but the effects of temperature were also pond-specific. Comparison of the transcriptomic profiles revealed a greater overlap in the response to temperature across latitudes and ponds, especially for pathway-related oxidative stress and sugar and lipid metabolism. The transcriptomic response to a predator cue and to the interaction temperature × predator cue was more pond-specific and overlapped only for few genes and pathways related to cuticle, development and signal transduction. We demonstrated that central- and high-latitude populations may partially respond through similar mechanisms to warming and, to a lower extent to a predator cue and to the interaction temperature × predator cue. For the predator cue and the interaction, the large fraction of ponds-specific genes suggests local adaptation. We show that high-latitude populations were generally more plastic at the phenotypic and transcriptomic level and may be more capable to cope with environmental changes than their central-latitude counterparts.
全球变化对种群的影响在一个物种的分布范围内不一定是均匀的。在这里，我们旨在比较豆娘不同地理尺度种群对变暖以及入侵捕食者信号的表型和转录组反应。我们在波兰南部（中纬度）的两个池塘和瑞典南部（高纬度）的两个池塘收集成年雌性豆娘。我们在生长室中饲养它们的幼虫，并将它们暴露在温度和小龙虾释放的捕食者信号的组合环境中。当幼虫到达末龄前幼虫阶段时，对它们与生长和大小相关的性状进行表型分析，并收集样本进行基因表达分析。高纬度种群比中纬度种群表现出更大的表型和转录组变异。在不同纬度和池塘中，温度通常会提高生长速率，捕食者信号会降低体重，但温度的影响也因池塘而异。转录组图谱的比较显示，不同纬度和池塘对温度的反应有更大的重叠，特别是在与氧化应激以及糖和脂质代谢相关的途径方面。对捕食者信号以及温度×捕食者信号相互作用的转录组反应更具池塘特异性，仅在少数与表皮、发育和信号转导相关的基因和途径上有重叠。我们证明，中纬度和高纬度种群可能通过相似的机制对变暖做出部分反应，而对捕食者信号以及温度×捕食者信号相互作用的反应程度较低。对于捕食者信号和相互作用，大部分池塘特异性基因表明存在局部适应性。我们表明，高纬度种群在表型和转录组水平上通常更具可塑性，可能比中纬度种群更有能力应对环境变化。
