Qi Junlei, Bao Kai, Wang Wenbin, Wu Jingkun, Wang Lingzhi, Ma Cong, Wu Zongxiao, He Qiyuan
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
ACS Nano. 2024 Sep 9. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06737.
The rapid diffusion kinetics and smallest ion radius make protons the ideal cations toward the ultimate energy storage technology combining the ultrafast charging capabilities of supercapacitors and the high energy densities of batteries. Despite the concept existing for centuries, the lack of satisfactory electrode materials hinders its practical development. Recently, the rapid advancement of the emerging two-dimensional (2D) materials, characterized by their ultrathin morphology, interlayer van der Waals gaps, and distinctive electrochemical properties, injects promises into future proton-based energy storage systems. In this perspective, we comprehensively summarize the current advances in proton-based energy storage based on 2D materials. We begin by providing an overview of proton-based energy storage systems, including proton batteries, pseudocapacitors and electrical double layer capacitors. We then elucidate the fundamental knowledge about proton transport characteristics, including in electrolytes, at electrolyte/electrode interfaces, and within electrode materials, particularly in 2D material systems. We comprehensively summarize specific cases of 2D materials as proton electrodes, detailing their design concepts, proton transport mechanism and electrochemical performance. Finally, we provide insights into the prospects of proton-based energy storage systems, emphasizing the importance of rational design of 2D electrode materials and matching electrolyte systems.
质子具有快速扩散动力学和最小的离子半径，这使其成为实现终极储能技术的理想阳离子，该技术结合了超级电容器的超快充电能力和电池的高能量密度。尽管这一概念已存在数百年，但缺乏令人满意的电极材料阻碍了其实际发展。近年来，新兴的二维（2D）材料迅速发展，其具有超薄形态、层间范德华间隙和独特的电化学性质，为未来基于质子的储能系统带来了希望。在此观点中，我们全面总结了基于二维材料的质子储能的当前进展。我们首先概述了基于质子的储能系统，包括质子电池、赝电容器和双电层电容器。然后，我们阐明了关于质子传输特性的基础知识，包括在电解质中、电解质/电极界面处以及电极材料内部（特别是在二维材料系统中）的质子传输特性。我们全面总结了二维材料作为质子电极的具体案例，详细介绍了它们的设计概念、质子传输机制和电化学性能。最后，我们对基于质子的储能系统的前景提供了见解，强调了合理设计二维电极材料和匹配电解质系统的重要性。
