Dang Chao, Shao Yizhe, Ding Shuwei, Qi Haobo, Zhai Wei
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore.
State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structure, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Adv Mater. 2024 Nov;36(44):e2406967. doi: 10.1002/adma.202406967. Epub 2024 Sep 9.
Developing versatile ionoelastomers, the alternatives to hydrogels and ionogels, will boost the advancement of high-performance ionotronic devices. However, meeting the requirements of bio-derivation, high toughness, high stretchability, autonomous self-healing ability, high ionic conductivity, reprocessing, and favorable recyclability in a single ionoelastomer remains a challenging endeavor. Herein, a dynamic covalent and supramolecular design, lipoic acid (LA)-based dynamic covalent ionoelastomer (DCIE), is proposed via melt building covalent adaptive networks with hierarchically dynamic bonding (CAN-HDB), wherein lithium bonds aid in the dissociation of ions and the integration of dynamic disulfide metathesis, lithium bonds, and binary hydrogen bonds enhances the mechanical performances, self-healing capability, reprocessing, and recyclability. Therefore, the trade-off among mechanical versatility, ionic conductivity, self-healing capability, reprocessing, and recyclability is successfully handled. The obtained DCIE demonstrates remarkable stretchability (1011.7%), high toughness (3877 kJ m), high ionic conductivity (3.94 × 10 S m), outstanding self-healing capability, reprocessing for 3D printing, and desirable recyclability. Significantly, the selective ion transport endows the DCIE with multisensory feature capable of generating continuous electrical signals for high-quality sensations towards temperature, humidity, and strain. Coupled with the straightforward methodology, abundant availability of LA and HPC, as well as multifunction, the DCIEs present new concept of advanced ionic conductors for developing soft ionotronics.
开发通用型离子弹性体（水凝胶和离子凝胶的替代品）将推动高性能离子电子器件的发展。然而，要在单一离子弹性体中满足生物衍生性、高韧性、高拉伸性、自主自愈合能力、高离子导电性、可再加工性和良好的可回收性等要求，仍然是一项具有挑战性的工作。在此，通过构建具有层次动态键合的共价自适应网络（CAN-HDB）的熔体法，提出了一种基于硫辛酸（LA）的动态共价离子弹性体（DCIE）的动态共价和超分子设计，其中锂键有助于离子解离，动态二硫化物复分解、锂键和二元氢键的结合提高了机械性能、自愈合能力、可再加工性和可回收性。因此，成功地解决了机械通用性、离子导电性、自愈合能力、可再加工性和可回收性之间的权衡问题。所制备的DCIE具有显著的拉伸性（1011.7%）、高韧性（3877 kJ m）、高离子导电性（3.94×10 S m）、出色的自愈合能力、用于3D打印的可再加工性和良好的可回收性。值得注意的是，选择性离子传输赋予DCIE多感官特性，能够产生连续电信号，以实现对温度、湿度和应变的高质量感知。结合简单的方法、LA和HPC的丰富可用性以及多功能性，DCIE为开发软离子电子学提供了先进离子导体的新概念。
