Youden Brian, Yang Dongchang, Carrier Andrew, Oakes Ken, Servos Mark, Jiang Runqing, Zhang Xu
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada.
Environ Sci Technol. 2024 Sep 9. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.4c06906.
The presence of metalloids and heavy metals in the environment is of critical concern due to their toxicological impacts. However, not all metallic species have the same risk level. Specifically, the physical, chemical, and isotopic speciation of the metal(loids) dictate their metabolism, toxicity, and environmental fate. As such, speciation analysis is critical for environmental monitoring and risk assessment. In the past two decades, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has seen significant developments regarding trace metal(loid) sensing due to its ultrahigh sensitivity, readiness for in situ real-time applications, and cost-effectiveness. However, the speciation of metal(loid)s has not been accounted for in the design and application of SERS sensors. In this Perspective, we examine the potential of SERS for metal(loid) speciation analysis and highlight the advantages, progress, opportunities, and challenges of this application.
环境中类金属和重金属的存在因其毒理学影响而备受关注。然而，并非所有金属物种都具有相同的风险水平。具体而言，金属（类金属）的物理、化学和同位素形态决定了它们的代谢、毒性和环境归宿。因此，形态分析对于环境监测和风险评估至关重要。在过去二十年中，表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）因其超高灵敏度、易于原位实时应用和成本效益，在痕量金属（类金属）传感方面取得了重大进展。然而，在SERS传感器的设计和应用中尚未考虑金属（类金属）的形态。在本观点文章中，我们探讨了SERS用于金属（类金属）形态分析的潜力，并强调了该应用的优势、进展、机遇和挑战。
