Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Instituto de Salud Pública, Bogotá, Colombia.
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.
J Med Entomol. 2024 Nov 14;61(6):1489-1500. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjae100.
Ticks of the Amblyomma maculatum (Ixodida Ixodidae) complex, the Amblyomma cajennense (Ixodida Ixodidae) complex and Amblyomma ovale (Ixodida Ixodidae) are known to transmit various Rickettsia species in Colombia, but their exact distribution is unknown. We built several models based on current climate and projected future climate changes using a maximum entropy approach. A total of 314 records of the A. cajennense complex (65.9%; n = 207), A. ovale (22.9%; n = 72), and the A. maculatum complex (11.1%; n = 35) were obtained. Amblyomma ovale has a current distribution in the Pacific, Caribbean and Andean regions and could be potentially found in the Amazon. Amblyomma maculatum has a current distribution in the Andean and could potentially be found in the Caribbean and Orinoco regions. Amblyomma mixtum can be found near the Caribbean Sea and in the Pacific region, and A. patinoi is likely to be found in the Andean region and the Caribbean. In 2070, it will be possible to find an expansion of A. ovale and A. maculatum and a decrease of A. mixtum and A. patinoi. The variables that best predict the distribution of these species are isothermality (small fluctuations in temperature) and annual precipitation. Amblyomma cajennense s.l and A. ovale, A. cajennese s.l and A. patinoi, as well as A. maculatum and A. patinoi, have an important environmental sympatry. Epidemiological and acarological surveillance is crucial to investigate rickettsiosis caused by R. parkeri in A. ovale regions, by R. rickettsii in A. patinoi and A. mixtum areas, and by R. parkeri s.s in A. maculatum regions.
已知在哥伦比亚，硬蜱属（蜱形目硬蜱科）复合体中的肩突钝缘蜱（蜱形目硬蜱科）、肩突硬蜱（蜱形目硬蜱科）复合体和卵形硬蜱（蜱形目硬蜱科）传播各种立克次体，但它们的确切分布范围尚不清楚。我们使用最大熵方法，基于当前气候和预测的未来气候变化，构建了多个模型。共获得肩突硬蜱（蜱形目硬蜱科）复合体（65.9%；n=207）、卵形硬蜱（22.9%；n=72）和肩突钝缘蜱（蜱形目硬蜱科）复合体（11.1%；n=35）的 314 个记录。卵形硬蜱目前分布在太平洋、加勒比和安第斯地区，可能在亚马逊地区发现。肩突钝缘蜱目前分布在安第斯地区，可能在加勒比和奥里诺科地区发现。肩突钝缘蜱可在加勒比海附近和太平洋地区发现，而扁虱可能在安第斯地区和加勒比地区发现。到 2070 年，卵形硬蜱和肩突钝缘蜱的分布可能会扩大，而肩突钝缘蜱和扁虱的分布可能会减少。预测这些物种分布的最佳变量是等温性（温度波动较小）和年降水量。肩突硬蜱属（蜱形目硬蜱科）复合体和卵形硬蜱、肩突硬蜱属（蜱形目硬蜱科）复合体和扁虱，以及肩突钝缘蜱和扁虱，具有重要的环境共生关系。对卵形硬蜱区域的立氏立克次体病、扁虱和肩突钝缘蜱区域的拉氏立克次体病以及肩突钝缘蜱区域的斑点立克次体病进行流行病学和节肢动物学监测至关重要。
