Zhu Mingyue, Chen Huimin, Ding Xiaotong, Li Zheng
School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macau, China.
Gerontologist. 2025 Mar 25;65(4). doi: 10.1093/geront/gnae127.
Self-perception of aging (SPA) is associated with various health outcomes in the aging process. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of existing interventions targeting SPA among older adults, and to synthesize their effects on SPA, physical performance, and mental health.
A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, CENTRAL, CNKI, SinoMed, VIP, and WanFang databases for randomized controlled trials that reported intervention effects on SPA, physical performance, and mental health in older adults. Two researchers independently conducted study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment.
A total of 16 studies were included for qualitative analysis, and 12 studies of them were included for meta-analysis. The results showed a significant impact of interventions on SPA, with an effect size of -0.56 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): -1.06 to -0.07, p = .03). And the results also supported a significant improvement in physical performance and mental health among older adults.
Self-perception of aging interventions present a promising approach to enhance positive aging perception for older adults, with potential benefits extending to physical performance and mental health. However, larger-scale and more robust trials are still required to validate these findings and obtain more accurate conclusions.
衰老自我认知（SPA）与衰老过程中的各种健康结果相关。本研究旨在对针对老年人SPA的现有干预措施进行系统评价，并综合其对SPA、身体机能和心理健康的影响。
在PubMed、Embase、PsycINFO、CINAHL、Web of Science、CENTRAL、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普资讯和万方数据库中进行系统检索，以查找报告对老年人SPA、身体机能和心理健康干预效果的随机对照试验。两名研究人员独立进行研究筛选、数据提取和质量评估。
共纳入16项研究进行定性分析，其中12项研究纳入荟萃分析。结果显示干预措施对SPA有显著影响，效应大小为-0.56（95%置信区间（95%CI）：-1.06至-0.07，p = 0.03）。结果还支持老年人的身体机能和心理健康有显著改善。
衰老自我认知干预为增强老年人对衰老的积极认知提供了一种有前景的方法，其潜在益处扩展到身体机能和心理健康。然而，仍需要更大规模、更有力的试验来验证这些发现并得出更准确的结论。
