Department of Global Development and Entrepreneurship, Graduate School of Global Development and Entrepreneurship, Handong Global University, Pohang, South Korea.
Department of Human Ecology and Technology, Graduate School of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang, South Korea.
Glob Health Action. 2024 Dec 31;17(1):2397838. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2397838. Epub 2024 Sep 10.
The global prevalence of violence against children is alarmingly high, with millions facing violent discipline and physical punishment. In Mongolia, domestic violence-related criminal offenses have sharply increased, with a 46.92% surge in the first quarter of 2020 compared to 2019.
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of and identify factors associated with physical punishment and/or psychological aggression experienced by children under 5 years old from their caregivers.
We used data from the nationally representative 2018 MICS6 dataset. To examine the association between independent and dependent variables, we used multilevel Poisson regression because it provides a better estimate and is more interpretable when the prevalence is relatively high.
The prevalence of psychological aggression was reported at 32.3% and physical punishment at 31.6%, including severe forms. Nonviolent techniques were common, with 77.5% exclusively using nonviolent discipline. Psychological aggression was more likely to occur in older children (3 and 4 years old) and in households with Buddhist heads. Additionally, 3-year-olds are more likely to experience physical punishment compared to 2-year-olds.
These findings underscore the need for targeted policy interventions, including age-sensitive parental education programs and religious and cultural sensitivity measures. Comprehensive educational and awareness programs are essential to foster a culture of nonviolence across all educational levels, highlighting the need for context-specific policies to safeguard the well-being of children in Mongolia.
全球范围内针对儿童的暴力行为普遍存在，数以百万计的儿童遭受暴力管教和身体惩罚。在蒙古，与家庭暴力相关的犯罪行为急剧增加，2020 年第一季度与 2019 年相比增长了 46.92%。
本研究旨在估计 5 岁以下儿童遭受其照顾者的身体惩罚和/或心理攻击的流行率，并确定与这些行为相关的因素。
我们使用了具有全国代表性的 2018 年 MICS6 数据集的数据。为了检验自变量和因变量之间的关系，我们使用了多水平泊松回归，因为当流行率相对较高时，它可以提供更好的估计和更易于解释。
报告的心理攻击流行率为 32.3%，身体惩罚流行率为 31.6%，包括严重形式。非暴力技术很常见，77.5%的人仅使用非暴力纪律。年龄较大的儿童（3 岁和 4 岁）和佛教徒家庭中更有可能发生心理攻击。此外，与 2 岁儿童相比，3 岁儿童更有可能遭受身体惩罚。
这些发现强调了有针对性的政策干预的必要性，包括针对年龄的父母教育计划以及宗教和文化敏感性措施。全面的教育和意识计划对于在所有教育水平上培养非暴力文化至关重要，这突出了需要制定具体国情的政策来保护蒙古儿童的福祉。
