>From the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
Exp Clin Transplant. 2024 Aug;22(8):600-606. doi: 10.6002/ect.2024.0136.
De novo malignancies are the most common cause of death after solid-organ transplant. Here, we aimed to summarize standard incidence ratios of de novo malignancies after liver and kidney transplant within the same geographical locations, compare these ratios among differenttypes of de novo malignancies after liver and kidney transplant, and elucidate differences in de novo malignancies between liver and kidney transplant recipients.
We performed a systematic review to identify studies on standard incidence ratios of de novo malignancies after liver and kidney transplant in the United Kingdom, Sweden, South Korea, and Taiwan.
Four articles reported standard incidence ratios of de novo malignancies in 14 016 liver transplant recipients (mean follow-up 4.3 ± 0.7 y) and 48179 kidney transplant recipients (mean follow-up 6.1 ± 2.1 y). Mean ratios of oropharyngeal, pulmonary, colorectal, renal, and breast malignancies were 5.3, 1.6, 1.9, 1.8, and 1.1,respectively, after liver transplant and 3.2, 1.7, 1.5, 17.0, and 1.3, respectively, after kidney transplant. Mean ratios of bladder, cervixuterus, and stomach de novo malignancies were 1.8, 2.0, and 2.9, respectively, after liver transplant and 13.0, 1.9, and 1.9,respectively, after kidney transplant. Mean ratios of prostatic and esophageal malignancies were 1.6 and 1.8 after liver transplant and 1.2 and 1.1 after kidney transplant. Mean ratio of ovarian cancer was 1.2 and 2.9, respectively, after liver and kidney transplant.
Low-frequency and lower standard incidence ratios were observed for testicular, ovarian and central nervous system malignancies after kidney and liver transplant. Standard incidence ratios of oropharyngeal and hepatic malignancies were higher after liver transplant compared with kidney transplant. After kidney transplant, standardized ration for renal malignancy were 9.4 times and bladder malignancies were 7.2 times higher compared with liver transplant recipients.
实体器官移植后，新发恶性肿瘤是最常见的死亡原因。本研究旨在总结同一地理位置肝、肾移植后新发恶性肿瘤的标准发病比，比较肝、肾移植后不同类型新发恶性肿瘤的标准发病比，并阐明肝、肾移植受者新发恶性肿瘤的差异。
我们进行了系统评价，以确定英国、瑞典、韩国和中国台湾地区肝、肾移植后新发恶性肿瘤标准发病比的研究。
4 篇文章报道了 14016 例肝移植受者（平均随访 4.3±0.7 年）和 48179 例肾移植受者（平均随访 6.1±2.1 年）新发恶性肿瘤的标准发病比。肝移植后口咽、肺部、结直肠、肾脏和乳腺恶性肿瘤的平均比值分别为 5.3、1.6、1.9、1.8 和 1.1，肾移植后分别为 3.2、1.7、1.5、17.0 和 1.3。肝移植后膀胱癌、宫颈癌和胃癌新发恶性肿瘤的平均比值分别为 1.8、2.0 和 2.9，肾移植后分别为 13.0、1.9 和 1.9。肝移植后前列腺和食管恶性肿瘤的平均比值分别为 1.6 和 1.8，肾移植后分别为 1.2 和 1.1。肝、肾移植后卵巢癌的平均比值分别为 1.2 和 2.9。
肾、肝移植后睾丸癌、卵巢癌和中枢神经系统恶性肿瘤的发病率较低，标准发病比也较低。与肾移植相比，肝移植后口咽和肝脏恶性肿瘤的标准发病比更高。与肝移植相比，肾移植后肾恶性肿瘤的标准化比例为 9.4 倍，膀胱癌的标准化比例为 7.2 倍。
