Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Environment and Health Research Department, Lieu-Dit Morne Jolivière, 97139, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, France.
COVACHIM-M2E EA 3592 Laboratory, Université des Antilles, CEDEX, 97157, Pointe-À-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 10;14(1):21161. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72243-z.
Influxes of sargassos are responsible for economic and environmental disasters in areas where they bloom, especially in regions whose main income relies on tourism and with limited capacity for sanitation and public health response. A promising way of valorization would be to convert this incredible biomass into tools to fight the deadly vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. In the present study, we generated hydrolates and aqueous extracts from three main Sargassum morphotypes identified in Guadeloupe (French West Indies): Sargassum natans VIII, Sargassum natans I and Sargassum fluitans. We conducted a chemical characterization and a holistic evaluation of their potential to induce toxic and behavioral effects in Ae. aegypti. Despite the low insecticidal potential observed for all the extracts, we found that S. natans VIII and S. fluitans hydrolates deterred oviposition, induced contact irritancy and stimulated blood feeding behavior in host seeking Ae. aegypti females, while aqueous extracts from S. natans I and S. fluitans deterred both blood feeding behavior and oviposition. Chemical characterization evidenced the presence of phenylpropanoid, polyphenols, amino acids and esters. Thus, Sargassum spp. aqueous extracts and hydrolates could be used to manipulate Ae. aegypti behavior and be valorized as control tools against this mosquito.
马尾藻海的涌入给其繁殖地的经济和环境带来了灾难，特别是在那些主要收入依赖旅游业且卫生和公共卫生应对能力有限的地区。一种有前途的利用方式是将这种令人难以置信的生物质转化为抗击致命传播媒介埃及伊蚊的工具。在本研究中，我们从在法属西印度群岛瓜德罗普岛鉴定的三种主要马尾藻形态（Sargassum natans VIII、Sargassum natans I 和 Sargassum fluitans）中生成了水蒸馏液和水提取物。我们对它们的化学特性进行了表征，并对其诱导埃及伊蚊产生毒性和行为效应的潜力进行了全面评估。尽管所有提取物的杀虫潜力都较低，但我们发现 S. natans VIII 和 S. fluitans 的水蒸馏液可阻止产卵，引起接触性刺激，并刺激寻求宿主的埃及伊蚊雌性吸血行为，而 S. natans I 和 S. fluitans 的水提取物则阻止了吸血行为和产卵。化学特征表明存在苯丙烷、多酚、氨基酸和酯类。因此，马尾藻属水提取物和水蒸馏液可用于操纵埃及伊蚊的行为，并可作为控制这种蚊子的工具进行利用。
