Zhou Chengcheng, Liu Hongmei, Wang Huili, Niu Shihui, El-Kassaby Yousry A, Li Wei
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Plant Cell Environ. 2025 Jan;48(1):365-386. doi: 10.1111/pce.15129. Epub 2024 Sep 11.
Reproductive development plays an essential role in the perpetuation of genetic material and environmental adaptation. In angiosperms, the Short Vegetative Phase (SVP) serves as a flowering repressor, influencing the development of floral organs. In this study, heterologous transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana with SVP-like genes (PtSVL1 and PtSVL2) derived from Pinus tabuliformis significantly impacted stamen formation and pollen fertility, without altering flowering time. Gene co-expression networks revealed that SVP-like and SOC1-like genes function as key coregulatory transcription factors during the initial stages of cone development in P. tabuliformis. Interestingly, the regulatory module of SOC1 regulated by SVP in angiosperms is absent in conifers and conifer SVP-like exercises its function in a form that is physically bound to SOC1-like. Furthermore, combining the yeast one-hybrid scanning with co-expression network analysis, revealed that SPLs and TPSs were the principal downstream target genes of PtSVL1. Notably, the PtSPL16 promoter is positively regulated by PtSVL1, and overexpression of PtSPL16 results in delayed flowering in Arabidopsis, suggesting that the PtSVL1-PtSPL16 module plays a crucial role in regulating reproductive development in conifers. Collectively, these findings enhance our understanding of the roles of SVP-like genes in conifers and the key regulatory networks centred on PtSVL1 during reproductive cone development.
生殖发育在遗传物质的延续和环境适应中起着至关重要的作用。在被子植物中，短营养期（SVP）作为一种开花抑制因子，影响花器官的发育。在本研究中，用来自油松的类SVP基因（PtSVL1和PtSVL2）对拟南芥进行异源转化，显著影响雄蕊形成和花粉育性，而不改变开花时间。基因共表达网络显示，类SVP和类SOC1基因在油松球果发育的初始阶段作为关键的共调控转录因子发挥作用。有趣的是，被子植物中由SVP调控的SOC1调控模块在针叶树中不存在，并且针叶树类SVP以与类SOC1物理结合的形式行使其功能。此外，将酵母单杂交扫描与共表达网络分析相结合，发现SPLs和TPSs是PtSVL1的主要下游靶基因。值得注意的是，PtSPL16启动子受PtSVL1正调控，PtSPL16的过表达导致拟南芥开花延迟，这表明PtSVL1-PtSPL16模块在调节针叶树生殖发育中起关键作用。总的来说，这些发现加深了我们对类SVP基因在针叶树中的作用以及生殖球果发育过程中以PtSVL1为中心的关键调控网络的理解。
