Maki Naoki, Matsuda Hitomi, Araki Hirohiko, Mayers Thomas, Ishii Ryota
Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, R Professional University of Rehabilitation.
Department of Thorasic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba.
Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. 2024;61(3):355-362. doi: 10.3143/geriatrics.61.355.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between health-related quality of life (QOL) and swallowing function among independent community-dwelling older Japanese adults aged 65 years or older.
A total of 500 participants (250 males and 250 females) were surveyed about BMI, dysphagia and eating disorders (Dysphagia Risk Assessment for the Community-dwelling Elderly [DRACE]), quality of life (QOL; SF-8 Physical and Mental Summary Score), sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Japanese version [PSQI-J]), and depression (Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS]).
Participants were divided into two groups based on risk of aspiration and data between the groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the SF-8 physical component summary score (PCS) and mental component summary score (MCS) were associated with aspiration risk. In the multiple regression analysis, the SF-8 related to eating and swallowing function and PSQI-J were extracted.
The risk of aspiration among the older adults in this study was found to be associated with health-related QOL, sleep quality, revealing a wide-ranging impact on physical, mental, and social functioning. These associated factors may pose a risk for community-dwelling independent older adults, suggesting the need to focus on eating and swallowing function for frailty.
本研究旨在探讨65岁及以上独立居住在社区的日本老年人的健康相关生活质量（QOL）与吞咽功能之间的关系。
共对500名参与者（250名男性和250名女性）进行了调查，内容包括体重指数、吞咽困难和饮食障碍（社区居住老年人吞咽困难风险评估[DRACE]）、生活质量（QOL；SF-8身体和心理综合评分）、睡眠（匹兹堡睡眠问卷日本版[PSQI-J]）以及抑郁（老年抑郁量表[GDS]）。
根据误吸风险将参与者分为两组，并比较两组之间的数据。逻辑回归分析显示，SF-8身体成分综合评分（PCS）和心理成分综合评分（MCS）与误吸风险相关。在多元回归分析中，提取了与饮食和吞咽功能相关的SF-8以及PSQI-J。
本研究发现，老年人的误吸风险与健康相关生活质量、睡眠质量有关，对身体、心理和社会功能有广泛影响。这些相关因素可能对独立居住在社区的老年人构成风险，提示需要关注衰弱老年人的饮食和吞咽功能。
