Institute of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 11;14(1):21216. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72177-6.
Object-based attention operates both in perception and visual working memory. While the efficient perception of auditory stimuli also requires the formation of auditory objects, little is known about their role in auditory working memory (AWM). To investigate whether attention to one object feature in AWM leads to the involuntary maintenance of another, task-irrelevant feature, we conducted four experiments. Stimuli were abstract sounds that differed on the dimensions frequency and location, only one of which was task-relevant in each experiment. The first two experiments required a match-nonmatch decision about a probe sound whose irrelevant feature value could either be identical to or differ from the memorized stimulus. Matches on the relevant dimension were detected more accurately when the irrelevant feature matched as well, whereas for nonmatches on the relevant dimension, performance was better for irrelevant feature nonmatches. Signal-detection analysis showed that changes of irrelevant frequency reduced the sensitivity for sound location. Two further experiments used continuous report tasks. When location was the target feature, changes of irrelevant sound frequency had an impact on both recall error and adjustment time. Irrelevant location changes affected adjustment time only. In summary, object-based attention led to a concurrent maintenance of task-irrelevant sound features in AWM.
基于对象的注意力在感知和视觉工作记忆中都起作用。虽然听觉刺激的有效感知也需要形成听觉对象,但对于它们在听觉工作记忆 (AWM) 中的作用知之甚少。为了研究在 AWM 中对一个对象特征的注意是否会导致对另一个不相关特征的无意识维持,我们进行了四项实验。刺激是在频率和位置维度上有所不同的抽象声音,在每个实验中只有一个维度是任务相关的。前两个实验要求对探针声音进行匹配-不匹配决策,其无关特征值与记忆刺激相同或不同。当无关特征匹配时,对相关维度的匹配的检测更准确,而对于相关维度的不匹配,无关特征不匹配的表现更好。信号检测分析表明,无关频率的变化降低了对声音位置的敏感性。另外两个实验使用了连续报告任务。当位置是目标特征时,无关声音频率的变化会影响回忆错误和调整时间。无关位置变化仅影响调整时间。总之,基于对象的注意力导致 AWM 中同时维持了任务无关的声音特征。