Marine Plant Ecology Research Group, CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
Mar Environ Res. 2024 Nov;202:106743. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106743. Epub 2024 Sep 7.
The ongoing combination of global warming and increased anthropogenic pressure is causing latitudinal shifts in marine species, potentially impacting community composition, local richness, and marine trophic webs. This study investigates the factors influencing the distribution and diversity of intertidal seaweed and associated peracarid communities, including their functional traits, and explores various facets of beta diversity (taxonomic and functional). We hypothesize that: 1) abiotic factors such as temperature and anthropogenic pressure significantly influence seaweed distribution and diversity shifts, and 2) changes in seaweed functional diversity have an impact on the diversity and functioning of its associated peracarid communities. The sampling was conducted along a wide latitudinal gradient in the NE Atlantic (27°N - 65°N), encompassing three distinct ecoregions: Northern European coasts, the Iberian Peninsula, and Macaronesia. The identified seaweed and peracarid species were classified functionally, and taxonomic and functional diversity were analysed on a large geographic scale. The northern region exhibited large brown canopy seaweeds and epibiotic isopods, while Macaronesia featured small red, highly branched, and calcareous crust seaweeds with burrower and tube-building tanaids. The Iberian Peninsula acted as a transitional zone, showcasing a mix of green, red, and brown seaweeds, along with Amphipoda peracarids found across all ecoregions. Our findings underscore the impact of geographic distance on total beta diversity, revealing distinct seaweed and peracarid communities across spatial gradients. Environmental variables, particularly pH and maximum sea surface temperature, emerged as significant factors influencing beta diversity patterns of seaweeds, indicating the potential impact of acidification and heat waves on community composition. In addition, seaweed functional traits were shown to be significant in shaping the diversity and abundance of associated peracarid assemblages, impacting both taxonomic and functional beta diversity. These findings provide crucial insights into the factors influencing the biogeography and biodiversity dynamics of intertidal seaweeds and associated peracarids, offering essential implications for conservation and management strategies amid ongoing environmental changes.
全球变暖与人为压力的持续共同作用导致海洋物种的纬度转移，这可能会影响群落组成、局部丰富度和海洋营养级联。本研究调查了影响潮间带海藻及其相关软甲类动物群落分布和多样性的因素，包括它们的功能特征，并探讨了 beta 多样性（分类学和功能学）的各个方面。我们提出以下假设：1） 温度和人为压力等非生物因素显著影响海藻分布和多样性的变化，2） 海藻功能多样性的变化会对其相关软甲类动物群落的多样性和功能产生影响。本研究在北大西洋东北部（27°N-65°N）进行了广泛的纬度梯度采样，涵盖了三个不同的生态区：北欧沿海、伊比利亚半岛和马卡罗尼西亚。所鉴定的海藻和软甲类动物物种在功能上进行了分类，并在大地理尺度上分析了分类学和功能多样性。北部地区以大型棕色藻冠海藻和附着的等足目动物为特征，而马卡罗尼西亚则以小型红色、高度分枝和钙质的壳状海藻以及穴居和管栖的糠虾为特征。伊比利亚半岛则是一个过渡区，展示了各种绿色、红色和棕色的海藻，以及在所有生态区都能找到的端足目动物。我们的研究结果强调了地理距离对总 beta 多样性的影响，揭示了空间梯度上独特的海藻和软甲类动物群落。环境变量，特别是 pH 值和最大海面温度，是影响海藻 beta 多样性模式的重要因素，表明酸化和热浪对群落组成的潜在影响。此外，海藻的功能特征对于塑造相关软甲类动物组合的多样性和丰度具有重要意义，影响分类学和功能 beta 多样性。这些发现为影响潮间带海藻及其相关软甲类动物生物地理学和生物多样性动态的因素提供了重要的见解，为应对持续的环境变化提供了保护和管理策略的重要启示。
