Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Adana Medicine, University of Health Science, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkiye.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkiye.
Microb Pathog. 2024 Nov;196:106934. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106934. Epub 2024 Sep 11.
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections has led to the search for new approaches.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of carvacrol and N-acetyl cysteine, both individually and in combination, on the planktonic cells and biofilm formations of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive strains. Additionally, the study sought to perform cytotoxicity tests and chemical characterization to further understand the properties and potential applications of these substances.
A total of 19 S. aureus strains were included in the study. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by assays. Synergy analysis tests were carried out. Cytotoxicity tests were conducted on the fibroblast cell line. Characterization test was performed.
While Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values for carvacrol varied between 250 and 500 μg/ml, these values were in the range of 32-64 mg/ml for N-acetyl cysteine. Biofilm formation activities were identified. A total of eight strains, including six clinical and two standard strains with the highest biofilm-forming ability, were selected for combination studies. The combination of Carvacrol and N-acetyl cysteine exhibited synergistic and partially synergistic effects on the tested planktonic and biofilm strains, and these effects were dose-dependent. Carvacrol was found to be the most active drug at the end of 24, 48, and 72 h. Regarding the synergistic effect of N-acetyl cysteine + carvacrol, it was revealed to exhibit higher activity than N-acetyl cysteine and lower activity than carvacrol.
The combination of carvacrol and N-acetyl cysteine demonstrated synergistic and partially synergistic effects against both planktonic and biofilm forms of Staphylococcus aureus. These results suggest potential for novel approaches in managing orthopedic infections, warranting further research to explore their therapeutic applications.
抗生素耐药菌感染的日益流行促使人们寻求新的方法。
本研究旨在评估香芹酚和 N-乙酰半胱氨酸单独及联合应用对金黄色葡萄球菌浮游细胞和生物膜形成的影响，包括耐甲氧西林和甲氧西林敏感株。此外，还进行了细胞毒性试验和化学特征分析，以进一步了解这些物质的性质和潜在应用。
本研究共纳入 19 株金黄色葡萄球菌。采用微量稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度。进行协同作用分析试验。对成纤维细胞系进行细胞毒性试验。进行特征分析试验。
香芹酚的最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度值在 250 至 500μg/ml 之间，而 N-乙酰半胱氨酸的最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度值在 32 至 64mg/ml 之间。确定了生物膜形成活性。选择了总共 8 株具有最高生物膜形成能力的菌株，包括 6 株临床株和 2 株标准株，进行组合研究。香芹酚和 N-乙酰半胱氨酸联合应用对浮游和生物膜株表现出协同和部分协同作用，且呈剂量依赖性。在 24、48 和 72 小时时，香芹酚被发现是最有效的药物。关于 N-乙酰半胱氨酸+香芹酚的协同作用，其表现出比 N-乙酰半胱氨酸更高的活性和比香芹酚更低的活性。
香芹酚和 N-乙酰半胱氨酸联合应用对金黄色葡萄球菌浮游细胞和生物膜均表现出协同和部分协同作用。这些结果提示了在管理骨科感染方面有新方法的潜力，值得进一步研究以探索其治疗应用。
