Pedersen A
Int J Oral Surg. 1985 Jun;14(3):235-40. doi: 10.1016/s0300-9785(85)80034-x.
The purpose of the present double-blind study was to investigate the preventive effect of 4 mg dexamethasone (1 ml Decadronphosphate) on swelling, trismus and pain after removal of impacted mandibular third molars. The population comprised 30 healthy individuals (17 female, 13 male) who needed removal of 2 identical, impacted mandibular third molars. Each patient served as his own control as the teeth were removed in 2 sittings with either steroid or placebo injected into the masseter muscle just before starting the operation. Control visits took place 48 h and 7 days after the operations. The results showed that steroid administration led to about 50% reduction of postoperative swelling and trismus and to about 30% reduction of postoperative pain. No general or local complaints/complications occurred due to the steroid injection. It is concluded that prophylactic steroid treatment is effective in reducing postoperative complaints and that the administration is safe in the absence of contraindications for such administration. Prophylactic steroid treatment is therefore recommended in third molar surgery when pronounced postoperative reaction can be expected.
本双盲研究的目的是调查4毫克地塞米松（1毫升磷酸地塞米松）对拔除下颌阻生第三磨牙后肿胀、牙关紧闭和疼痛的预防作用。研究对象为30名健康个体（17名女性，13名男性），他们需要拔除2颗相同的下颌阻生第三磨牙。由于牙齿分两次拔除，每次手术前在咬肌中注射类固醇或安慰剂，因此每位患者均作为自身对照。术后48小时和7天进行对照访视。结果显示，使用类固醇可使术后肿胀和牙关紧闭减少约50%，术后疼痛减少约30%。未因注射类固醇出现全身或局部不适/并发症。结论是预防性类固醇治疗可有效减少术后不适，且在无此类给药禁忌证的情况下给药是安全的。因此，当预计术后反应明显时，建议在第三磨牙手术中进行预防性类固醇治疗。
