Okinaka Riko, Ishii Yosuke, Nakashima Yuko, Okamoto Saeko, Hashizume Takato, Zhu Kexin, Xu Chen, Iwamoto Yoshitaka, Adachi Nobuo, Takahashi Makoto
Department of Biomechanics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, JPN.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hiroshima, JPN.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 12;16(8):e66738. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66738. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Aim This study aimed to verify specific morphological changes in the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) during walking in healthy young participants. Methods A total of 17 healthy young participants (mean age, 22.8 ± 0.9 years) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The IFP was evaluated using ultrasonography in three conditions: supine, standing, and walking. The IFP value was described as the thickness of the distal section of the IFP. Additionally, in the walking condition, the IFP was captured in video mode on ultrasonography, and its dynamics were recorded. The waveform of the IFP was produced using the sequence of the IFP thickness on each image. The morphological change of IFP (ΔIFP) was calculated in the IFP waveform and was shown as the difference in IFP thickness between the maximum and minimum at the beginning of the early stance phase. Moreover, kinematics and kinetic data were evaluated using a three-dimensional motion system, and the knee flexion angle (KFA) and knee flexion moment (KFM) were obtained. Results The thickness of the IFP during walking was significantly greater than that during the supine and standing conditions (p < 0.001 for both). The IFP waveform during walking showed a gradual increase during the stance phase and a decrease during the swing phase of the gait cycle. ΔIFP was 1.35 ± 0.42 mm and significantly correlated with the KFM (r = 0.59, p = 0.007). Conclusions Dynamic ultrasonography revealed a specific morphological change in the IFP during walking, which correlated with the KFM.
目的 本研究旨在验证健康年轻参与者在行走过程中髌下脂肪垫（IFP）的特定形态变化。方法 在这项横断面研究中，共招募了17名健康年轻参与者（平均年龄22.8±0.9岁）。在三种状态下使用超声评估IFP：仰卧位、站立位和行走状态。IFP值被描述为IFP远端部分的厚度。此外，在行走状态下，通过超声的视频模式采集IFP，并记录其动态变化。IFP的波形由每个图像上IFP厚度的序列生成。计算IFP波形中IFP的形态变化（ΔIFP），并将其表示为早期站立相开始时最大厚度与最小厚度之间的IFP厚度差异。此外，使用三维运动系统评估运动学和动力学数据，并获得膝关节屈曲角度（KFA）和膝关节屈曲力矩（KFM）。结果 行走过程中IFP的厚度显著大于仰卧位和站立位时的厚度（两者p均<0.001）。行走过程中IFP波形在步态周期的站立相呈逐渐增加，在摆动相呈下降趋势。ΔIFP为1.35±0.42mm，且与KFM显著相关（r = 0.59，p = 0.007）。结论 动态超声显示行走过程中IFP有特定的形态变化，且与KFM相关。
