School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2024 Dec;79(4):901-908. doi: 10.1007/s11130-024-01228-0. Epub 2024 Sep 13.
The contamination of food and feed by mycotoxins, particularly zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON), is a global issue. Prenatal exposure to ZEA and DON can result in congenital cardiac malformations in fetuses. Addressing the prevention and mitigation of embryonic cardiotoxicity caused by these toxins is crucial. Citrus limonoid nomilin (NOM) is an extract known for its pathological properties in various diseases. This study investigated the potential mechanism of NOM in mitigating cardiotoxicity caused by ZEA and DON co-exposure in a zebrafish model. The findings indicated that NOM pretreatment alleviated cardiac developmental toxicity induced by ZEA and DON and normalized the expression of key genes involved in heart development, including gata4, vmhc, nkx2.5, and sox9b. Co-exposure to NOM, ZEA, and DON enhanced SOD and catalase activity, increased glutathione levels, and reduced ROS and malondialdehyde production. Furthermore, NOM reduced cardiac oxidative damage by activating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. In summary, this study offers new insights for preventive interventions against congenital heart disease caused by mycotoxin exposure.
霉菌毒素（特别是玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON））污染食物和饲料是一个全球性问题。胎儿在产前接触 ZEA 和 DON 可能导致先天性心脏畸形。解决这些毒素引起的胚胎心脏毒性的预防和缓解至关重要。柠檬苦素诺米林（NOM）是一种提取物，已知在各种疾病中有其病理学特性。本研究调查了 NOM 在减轻 ZEA 和 DON 共同暴露于斑马鱼模型中心脏毒性中的潜在机制。研究结果表明，NOM 预处理可减轻 ZEA 和 DON 诱导的心脏发育毒性，并使心脏发育关键基因的表达正常化，包括 gata4、vmhc、nkx2.5 和 sox9b。NOM、ZEA 和 DON 的共同暴露增强了 SOD 和过氧化氢酶的活性，增加了谷胱甘肽水平，并降低了 ROS 和丙二醛的产生。此外，NOM 通过激活 Keap1/Nrf2 信号通路减轻心脏氧化损伤。总之，这项研究为预防霉菌毒素暴露引起的先天性心脏病提供了新的见解。
