Zhao Huimin, Yang Changlin, Xing Fangkai
Department of General Medicine, No. 970 Hospitalof the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Yantai, Shandong, China.
Unit 71217 of People's Liberation Army, Yantai, Shandong, China.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2024;101(3):835-845. doi: 10.3233/JAD-240715.
The relationship between serum fatty acids and cognitive function has been the subject of extensive study.
To analyze the relationship between serum fatty acids composition and cognitive function by NHANES database and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
A sub-cohort of 1,339 individuals with serum fatty acids and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) examinations from the 2011-2014 wave of the NHANES were analyzed using fully adjusted multiple linear regression models for associations between serum hydrolyzed fatty acid levels and cognitive function. Univariable and multivariable MR was used to analyze the correlation between 98 exposures related to serum fatty acids and cognitive function. Results from different database sources were combined using meta-analysis.
The fully adjusted regression analysis showed that linoleic acid (LA), Omega 6, fatty acids (FAs), and LA/FAs were positively correlated with DSST. 27 exposures were included for univariate MR analysis. Ultimately, only 2 traits had IVW test p-values ranging between 0.0019 and 0.05, both of which were LA/FAs. The meta-analysis of univariate MR revealed that LA/FAs was positively associated with cognitive function (β: 0.040, 95% CI = 0.013-0.067, p = 0.0041). In multivariate MR analysis, after adjusting for education, ischemic stroke, and age, LA/FAs was positively independently associated with cognitive function (IVW β: 0.049, 95% CI = 0.021-0.077, p = 0.0006). The results of MVMR are well in line with the univariate results.
Both the Cross-sectional observational analyses and MR-based studies supported a suggestive causal relationship between the serum ratio of Linoleic acid in fatty acids and cognitive function.
血清脂肪酸与认知功能之间的关系一直是广泛研究的主题。
通过美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库和多变量孟德尔随机化（MR）分析，分析血清脂肪酸组成与认知功能之间的关系。
对NHANES 2011 - 2014年波次中1339名进行了血清脂肪酸和数字符号替换测验（DSST）检查的个体亚队列，使用完全调整的多元线性回归模型分析血清水解脂肪酸水平与认知功能之间的关联。采用单变量和多变量MR分析98种与血清脂肪酸相关的暴露因素与认知功能之间的相关性。使用荟萃分析合并不同数据库来源的结果。
完全调整回归分析显示，亚油酸（LA）、欧米伽6脂肪酸（FAs）以及LA/FAs与DSST呈正相关。单变量MR分析纳入了27种暴露因素。最终，只有2个特征的逆方差加权（IVW）检验p值在0.0019至0.05之间，两者均为LA/FAs。单变量MR的荟萃分析显示，LA/FAs与认知功能呈正相关（β：0.040，95%CI = 0.013 - 0.067，p = 0.0041）。在多变量MR分析中，调整教育程度、缺血性中风和年龄后，LA/FAs与认知功能呈正独立相关（IVW β：0.049，95%CI = 0.021 - 0.077，p = 0.0006）。多变量MR的结果与单变量结果非常一致。
横断面观察分析和基于MR的研究均支持脂肪酸中亚油酸血清比例与认知功能之间存在提示性因果关系。
