College of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
College of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Nov;370:122475. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122475. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
Global warming and rapid urbanization have caused frequent occurrences of heat waves and urban heat island effect, presenting a significant threat to health of urban residents. Researches have indicated that cooling services provided by parks are essential in alleviating impact of heat wave events and urban heat island effect. However, previous researches on park cooling services center around cooling effect, with a lack of exploration regarding the fairness of such services. To fill this gap, this study quantifies the level of equity in cooling services in 18 parks in the core area of Hangzhou. Through this study, we hope to clarify the current situation of fairness of cooling services in urban parks and provide fairer park cooling services through scientific and reasonable park layouts. This will alleviate the threat of rapid urbanization and climate change to urban residents, and make the urban environment develop in a more livable direction. We assessed the cooling effect using remote sensing and the ArcGIS platform to screen parks with cooling effect and to quantify their cooling service efficiency. We utilized spatial network analysis to quantify the accessibility and origin-destination matrix data to quantify the attractiveness to reflect the level of park cooling services. The results reveal that 18 parks exhibit a noticeable cooling effect, albeit with variations observed among parks. The percentage of urban parks with low accessibility is 77.80%, indicating that the distribution of accessible space presents an uneven status quo. In addition, 72.20% of parks have low attractiveness of cooling services, indicating that some parks have insufficient attractiveness of cooling services. Based on each indicator of cooling services, we categorize urban parks into four types based on supply and demand, and propose adaptive planning measures and intervention strategies to provide a reference for equitable distribution of cooling services in urban parks.
全球变暖和快速城市化导致热浪和城市热岛效应频繁发生，对城市居民的健康构成了重大威胁。研究表明，公园提供的降温服务对于缓解热浪事件和城市热岛效应的影响至关重要。然而，之前关于公园降温服务的研究主要集中在降温效果上，缺乏对这些服务公平性的探索。为了填补这一空白，本研究量化了杭州市核心区 18 个公园降温服务的公平水平。通过这项研究，我们希望厘清城市公园降温服务公平性的现状，并通过科学合理的公园布局提供更公平的公园降温服务。这将缓解快速城市化和气候变化对城市居民的威胁，使城市环境朝着更宜居的方向发展。我们利用遥感和 ArcGIS 平台评估了冷却效果，筛选出具有冷却效果的公园，并量化了它们的冷却服务效率。我们利用空间网络分析量化了可达性和源-目的地矩阵数据，以量化吸引力，反映公园冷却服务的水平。研究结果表明，18 个公园具有明显的冷却效果，但公园之间存在差异。低可达性的城市公园比例为 77.80%，表明可达空间的分布呈现出不均衡的现状。此外，72.20%的公园具有较低的冷却服务吸引力，表明一些公园的冷却服务吸引力不足。基于每个冷却服务指标，我们根据供需情况将城市公园分为四类，并提出了适应性规划措施和干预策略，为城市公园冷却服务的公平分配提供参考。
