Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2024 Dec;34(12):2696-2704. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.06.017. Epub 2024 Jul 2.
Observational studies have suggested a potential association between hypertension and Iron deficiency anemia (IDA). However, it is unclear whether there is a genetic and causal link between hypertension and IDA.
Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data for hypertension were sourced from the UK Biobank and FinnGen. Genetic variants data for IDA were extracted from FinnGen and the IEU Open GWAS project, all derived from European populations. The genetic association between hypertension and IDA was assessed using Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC), with MR employed to determine causality. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) as a major analytical method for MR. Sensitivity and heterogeneity analyses were conducted to ensure result reliability. Furthermore, validation analysis was performed to further strengthen the robustness of the findings. A genetic association between hypertension and IDA was observed (r = 0.121, P = 0.002). Our findings suggest that hypertension increases the risk of developing IDA (OR = 2.493,P = 0.038), and IDA maybe serve as a risk factor for hypertension (OR = 1.006,P < 0.001). Validation analysis yielded consistent results. Importantly, our findings demonstrated no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy.
Additional insights into the connection between hypertension and IDA were gained. Regular testing of iron ions and anemia-related markers in hypertensive patients is crucial for early identification of IDA. Furthermore, it is imperative to closely monitor the blood pressure of patients with IDA to promptly identify and diagnose hypertension. The implementation of these integrated health strategies is vital for global efforts to tackle the dual challenges of hypertension and IDA.
观察性研究表明，高血压与缺铁性贫血（IDA）之间可能存在关联。然而，高血压和 IDA 之间是否存在遗传和因果关系尚不清楚。
高血压的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）数据来自英国生物银行和芬兰基因组研究，IDA 的遗传变异数据来自芬兰基因组研究和 IEU 开放 GWAS 项目，均来自欧洲人群。使用连锁不平衡得分回归（LDSC）评估高血压和 IDA 之间的遗传关联，并采用 MR 来确定因果关系。逆方差加权（IVW）作为 MR 的主要分析方法。进行敏感性和异质性分析以确保结果的可靠性。此外，还进行了验证分析，以进一步加强研究结果的稳健性。观察到高血压和 IDA 之间存在遗传关联（r = 0.121，P = 0.002）。我们的研究结果表明，高血压增加了患 IDA 的风险（OR = 2.493，P = 0.038），而 IDA 可能是高血压的一个危险因素（OR = 1.006，P < 0.001）。验证分析得出了一致的结果。重要的是，我们的研究结果没有显示出异质性或水平多效性。
本研究进一步深入探讨了高血压和 IDA 之间的关系。在高血压患者中定期检测铁离子和贫血相关标志物对于早期发现 IDA 至关重要。此外，密切监测 IDA 患者的血压对于及时发现和诊断高血压至关重要。实施这些综合健康策略对于全球应对高血压和 IDA 双重挑战的努力至关重要。
