Clinical Physiology Unit, Medical Simulation Centre, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 8;25(17):9721. doi: 10.3390/ijms25179721.
Autoimmune thyroid disease (AIT) is the most frequently linked autoimmune condition to type 1 diabetes (T1D). The analysis of immune profiles could provide valuable insights into the study of these diseases. This knowledge could play a crucial role in understanding the relationship between immune profiles and microcirculation structures and functions. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that cytokine levels in T1D patients without and those with comorbid Hashimoto's disease differ significantly. The total study group (total T1D) consisted of 62 diabetic young patients: 43 T1D and 19 T1D + AIT matched for age, age at onset, and duration of diabetes. The control group consisted of 32 healthy young subjects. The levels of cytokines (including TNF-α, IL-35, IL-4, IL-10, IL-18, IL-12, VEGF, and angiogenin) were quantified throughout this investigation. A comparative assessment of the cytokines profiles between the control group and total T1D revealed a statistically significant elevation in the levels of IL-4, TNF-α, IL-18, VEGF, and angiogenin, accompanied by a notable decline in IL-10. However, IL-35 and IL-12 exhibited comparable levels between the two groups. A comparison of cytokine levels between T1D + AIT and T1D groups revealed that only angiogenin levels were statistically significantly higher in T1D + AIT. The results of our study indicated that the alterations in cytokine levels associated with AIT did not correspond to the observed changes in T1D-related outcomes. The sole notable observation was the elevation of angiogenin expression, an angiogenic factor.
自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AIT）是与 1 型糖尿病（T1D）最相关的自身免疫性疾病。免疫谱分析可以为这些疾病的研究提供有价值的见解。这些知识在理解免疫谱与微循环结构和功能之间的关系方面可能起着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在检验以下假设，即无合并桥本甲状腺炎的 T1D 患者和合并桥本甲状腺炎的 T1D 患者的细胞因子水平存在显著差异。总研究组（总 T1D）由 62 名年轻糖尿病患者组成：43 名 T1D 和 19 名 T1D+AIT，年龄、发病年龄和糖尿病病程相匹配。对照组由 32 名健康的年轻受试者组成。在整个研究过程中，定量检测了细胞因子（包括 TNF-α、IL-35、IL-4、IL-10、IL-18、IL-12、VEGF 和血管生成素）的水平。将对照组和总 T1D 之间的细胞因子谱进行比较，结果显示 IL-4、TNF-α、IL-18、VEGF 和血管生成素水平显著升高，而 IL-10 水平显著降低。然而，IL-35 和 IL-12 在两组之间的水平相当。比较 T1D+AIT 和 T1D 组之间的细胞因子水平，结果仅发现 T1D+AIT 组的血管生成素水平有统计学意义上的升高。我们的研究结果表明，与 AIT 相关的细胞因子水平的变化与 T1D 相关结果的观察到的变化并不对应。唯一值得注意的观察结果是血管生成素表达的升高，这是一种血管生成因子。
