Ünal Belgin, Kaya Samet, Besken Miri
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Department of Psychology, Bilkent University, Çankaya, Ankara, Türkiye.
Psychol Rep. 2024 Sep 14:332941241282575. doi: 10.1177/00332941241282575.
Research has shown that list composition moderates the effects of encoding manipulations on memory performance; differential memory performance is observed at distinct levels of the independent variable in mixed lists, but not in pure lists. The current study aims to investigate the effect of list composition on predicted and actual memory performance using a semantic lie fabrication manipulation. In Experiment 1, participants either told the truth or fabricated a lie in response to a set of general knowledge questions in a mixed-list design, made memory predictions for each response, and received a free recall test. Experiments 2A and 2B compared the effect of list composition by employing mixed and pure lists, respectively. The results showed that the lie fabrication led to a metacognitive illusion in mixed lists by inducing a crossed double dissociation between memory and metamemory. Participants produced higher memory performance and lower memory predictions for lies than the truth. In contrast, predicted and actual memory performance were similar for truth and lies in pure lists. These findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge on list composition and have implications for situations where individuals need to maintain and remember their fabricated lies.
研究表明，列表构成会调节编码操作对记忆表现的影响；在混合列表中，自变量的不同水平会观察到不同的记忆表现，但在纯列表中则不然。本研究旨在使用语义谎言编造操作来调查列表构成对预测和实际记忆表现的影响。在实验1中，参与者在混合列表设计中，要么如实回答一组常识性问题，要么编造谎言，对每个回答进行记忆预测，并接受自由回忆测试。实验2A和2B分别通过采用混合列表和纯列表来比较列表构成的影响。结果表明，谎言编造通过在记忆和元记忆之间诱发交叉双重解离，在混合列表中导致了元认知错觉。与真话相比，参与者对谎言的记忆表现更高，记忆预测更低。相比之下，在纯列表中，真话和谎言的预测记忆表现和实际记忆表现相似。这些发现为现有的关于列表构成的知识体系做出了贡献，并对个体需要维持和记住他们编造的谎言的情况具有启示意义。
