Bustamante Alcibíades, Maia José, Santos Carla, Garbeloto Fernando, Vasconcelos Olga, Tani Go, Hedeker Donald, Katzmarzyk Peter T, Pereira Sara
Differential and Developmental Kinanthropometry Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Education Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lurigancho-Chosica,Peru.
CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto,Portugal.
Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2024 Sep 14:1-8. doi: 10.1123/pes.2023-0170.
To (1) describe secular trends in gross motor coordination (GMC) scores by sex and age; (2) investigate GMC trends adjusted for concomitant secular trends in height, weight, and overall physical fitness; and (3) examine trends in children's frequencies within different GMC categories.
The sample comprises 1562 Peruvian children (690 in 2009 and 872 in 2019), aged 6-11 years, from Junín (a high-altitude region). GMC was assessed with the KörperkoordinationsTest für Kinder. Physical fitness was assessed with handgrip strength, standing long jump, and shuttle-run test. Height and weight were measured with standardized protocols. Analysis of variance, covariance, and logistic regression were used.
A negative secular trend in GMC (based on raw scores) for boys and girls aged 6-8 years was observed. However, a positive trend was observed at 11 years of age but only in boys. Finally, there were no significant changes in the likelihood of children having below-normal GMC from 2009 to 2019.
Secular trends in GMC were negative in Peruvian children, especially at 6-8 years of age. Further, body size and physical fitness trends did not affect the negative secular trend. A high prevalence of children had below-normal GMC in both 2009 and 2019.
（1）按性别和年龄描述大肌肉协调性（GMC）分数的长期趋势；（2）研究在调整身高、体重和整体身体素质的同期长期趋势后GMC的趋势；（3）检查不同GMC类别中儿童频率的趋势。
样本包括来自胡宁（一个高海拔地区）的1562名6至11岁的秘鲁儿童（2009年690名，2019年872名）。使用儿童身体协调性测试评估GMC。使用握力、立定跳远和往返跑测试评估身体素质。采用标准化方案测量身高和体重。使用方差分析、协方差分析和逻辑回归。
观察到6至8岁男孩和女孩的GMC（基于原始分数）呈负长期趋势。然而，在11岁时观察到正趋势，但仅在男孩中。最后，从2009年到2019年，儿童GMC低于正常水平的可能性没有显著变化。
秘鲁儿童的GMC长期趋势呈负，尤其是在6至8岁时。此外，身体大小和身体素质趋势并未影响负长期趋势。2009年和2019年，GMC低于正常水平的儿童患病率都很高。
