Xu Dayong, Lu Langqing, Wang Zhilei, Zhang Lijing, Pan Xuhai, Jiang Juncheng
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Key Laboratory of Urban Safety Risk Monitoring and Early Warning, Ministry of Emergency Management, Shenzhen Urban Public Safety and Technology Institute, Shenzhen 518038, China.
ACS Omega. 2024 Aug 24;9(36):37869-37881. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03651. eCollection 2024 Sep 10.
The accidental leakage of hydrogen poses a significant barrier to the widespread adoption and development of hydrogen energy due to the potential risks of fire, explosion, and jet fire hazards. Experimental investigations have been conducted on the process of jet fires formed by igniting hydrogen jet streams after accidental releases in scenarios such as high-pressure hydrogen gas storage tanks and hydrogen transmission pipelines. These experiments utilized a release pipe with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 0.75 m, along with three pressure sensors, to study the influence of release pressure and ignition position on jet flame overpressure and flame propagation. Extensive tests at 1.5 MPa yielded a hydrogen flammability map containing two nonflammable zones and one flammable zone, along with a graph illustrating the relationship between overpressure and ignition points. Furthermore, experiments conducted at ignition positions of 0.05, 0.5 and 1.0 m under release pressures ranging from 6 to 10 MPa revealed that release pressure had no significant effect, while ignition position notably influenced the waveform and peak of the shockwave. Additionally, a peak shockwave reaching 30 kPa was observed at the downstream of the pipe outlet when ignited at 0.05 m, far exceeding the threshold of 24 kPa associated with fatalities. This research aims to provide valuable insights for safety design and protection distance considerations in scenarios involving hydrogen release and ignition.
氢气的意外泄漏对氢能的广泛采用和发展构成了重大障碍，因为存在火灾、爆炸和喷射火等潜在风险。针对高压氢气储存罐和氢气输送管道等场景中氢气意外泄漏后点燃氢气流形成喷射火的过程，已经开展了实验研究。这些实验使用了一根直径10毫米、长度0.75米的释放管以及三个压力传感器，以研究释放压力和点火位置对喷射火焰超压和火焰传播的影响。在1.5兆帕压力下进行的大量测试得出了一张包含两个不可燃区和一个可燃区的氢气燃烧性图，以及一张说明超压与点火点之间关系的图表。此外，在6至10兆帕的释放压力下，于0.05米、0.5米和1.0米的点火位置进行的实验表明，释放压力没有显著影响，而点火位置对冲击波的波形和峰值有显著影响。此外，在0.05米处点火时，在管道出口下游观察到一个高达30千帕的峰值冲击波，远远超过与死亡相关的24千帕阈值。本研究旨在为涉及氢气释放和点火的场景中的安全设计和防护距离考量提供有价值的见解。
