Suryadi Taufik, Kulsum Kulsum
Department of Forensic Medicine and Medicolegal, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Aceh, 23126, Indonesia.
Department of Forensic Medicine and Medicolegal, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
F1000Res. 2024 May 22;12:1311. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.140718.2. eCollection 2023.
The aim of this study was to compare pre-mortem histopathology findings in rats with and without traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its prospective application in forensic medicine.
This study involved 12 rats with 6 rats for each treatment group. This type of study is a laboratory experimental study with two independent groups design. The first group were rats that did not experience TBI. The second group was a group of rats with TBI. The subjects of this study were Rattus norvegicus rats, adult males, 4-8 weeks old, weighing 150-200 grams. On the 8 day after the rats experienced traumatic brain injury, the rats were then euthanized using the cervical dislocation method, after euthanasia the rats were given craniotomy and brain tissue was taken for histopathology examination.
The description of histopathology changes in the brain organs in the group of rat without TBI found that neuron cells looked normal although there were also degeneration (21.16 ± 2.56/FV), necrosis (5.75 ± 0.98/FV), apoptosis (2.91 ± 0.80/FV), congestion ( 0.91 ± 0.49/FV), inflammatory cells (4.58 ± 1.15/FV) and hemorrhage (2.41 ± 1.11/FV). Changes in the rat traumatic brain injury group showed a lot of damage to neuron cells in the form of degeneration (48.41 ± 3.27/FV), necrosis (36.66 ± 2.89/FV), apoptosis (18.91 ± 1.24/FV), congestion (2.50 ±0.31/FV), inflammatory cells (11.41 ± 1.71/FV) and hemorrhage (10.08 ± 2.17/FV). Based on the results of statistical analysis, it can be seen that in all parameters there is a significant difference (p ≤ 0.001).
The premortem histopathology findings in rats with and without TBI which can be used for the benefit of forensic medicine in determining whether TBI is present or not. It is necessary to look more closely at the histopathology changes in the form of necrosis, apoptosis and hemorrhage.
本研究的目的是比较有和没有创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的大鼠的生前组织病理学发现及其在法医学中的前瞻性应用。
本研究涉及12只大鼠，每个治疗组6只大鼠。这种研究类型是一种具有两个独立组设计的实验室实验研究。第一组是未经历TBI的大鼠。第二组是患有TBI的大鼠组。本研究的对象是褐家鼠，成年雄性，4 - 8周龄，体重150 - 200克。在大鼠经历创伤性脑损伤后的第8天，然后使用颈椎脱臼法对大鼠实施安乐死，安乐死后对大鼠进行开颅手术并取脑组织进行组织病理学检查。
在未患TBI的大鼠组中，脑器官组织病理学变化的描述发现神经元细胞看起来正常，尽管也存在变性（21.16 ± 2.56/FV）、坏死（$5.75 ± 0.98/FV$）、凋亡（$2.91 ± 0.80/FV$）、充血（$0.91 ± 0.49/FV$）、炎性细胞（$4.58 ± 1.15/FV$）和出血（$2.41 ± 1.11/FV$）。大鼠创伤性脑损伤组的变化显示神经元细胞有大量损伤，表现为变性（$48.41 ± 3.27/FV$）、坏死（$36.66 ± 2.89/FV$）、凋亡（$18.91 ± 1.24/FV$）、充血（$2.50 ±0.31/FV$）、炎性细胞（$11.41 ± 1.71/FV$）和出血（$10.08 ± 2.17/FV$）。基于统计分析结果，可以看出在所有参数上都存在显著差异（$p ≤ $0.001）。
有和没有TBI的大鼠的生前组织病理学发现可用于法医学判断是否存在TBI。有必要更仔细地观察坏死、凋亡和出血形式的组织病理学变化。
