University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2024 Nov;186:112108. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112108. Epub 2024 Sep 13.
Existing literature on the prevalence of middle turbinate pneumatization, or concha bullosa (CB), in the pediatric population is limited. CB is an anatomic variant important to identify prior to sinonasal surgery and is often associated with congenital nasal septal deviation (SD). This paper aims to describe the prevalence of CB in the pediatric population on head imaging.
A retrospective chart review was performed for 695 children undergoing CT head for trauma from 2021 to 2022. Nearly equal numbers of males and females were evaluated, with at least 19-20 per year from 0.5 to 18 years. Patients with significant facial fractures, sinusitis, craniofacial syndromes, prior sinus surgery, and sinonasal masses were excluded. Two pediatric neuroradiologists evaluated the CTs. CB was defined as aeration >50 % of the vertical height of the middle turbinate.
In this study, 384 patients were included. The prevalence of CB was 153 (39.8 %), which was significantly higher in children >4 years (p < 0.0001). Lamellar type CB was the most common, present in 160 out of 768 middle turbinates assessed (20.8 %). SD occurred in 60 (39.2 %) patients with CB and was more commonly contralateral to the CB.
The prevalence of CB in the pediatric population is at the lower range of what is reported in the adult literature. The most common type of CB in patients is lamellar. Similar to previous studies, there is an association between CB and contralateral SD. Finally, there is a positive correlation between the severity of CB and the severity of SD.
现有的关于儿童中鼻甲气化（也称泡状鼻甲）流行率的文献有限。鼻甲气化是一种重要的解剖变异，在鼻-鼻窦手术前需要识别，且常与先天性鼻中隔偏曲（SD）相关。本文旨在描述儿童头部影像学中鼻甲气化的流行率。
对 2021 年至 2022 年间因创伤而行 CT 头部检查的 695 例儿童进行了回顾性图表审查。评估的男女比例几乎相等，每年至少有 19-20 例 0.5 至 18 岁的儿童。排除有明显面部骨折、鼻窦炎、颅面综合征、既往鼻窦手术和鼻-鼻窦肿块的患者。两名儿科神经放射科医生评估了 CT 扫描。鼻甲气化定义为中鼻甲垂直高度的 50%以上有空气。
本研究共纳入 384 例患者。鼻甲气化的患病率为 153 例（39.8%），年龄>4 岁的儿童鼻甲气化的患病率显著更高（p<0.0001）。板层型鼻甲气化最为常见，在 768 个中鼻甲中，有 160 个（20.8%）存在该型鼻甲气化。60 例鼻甲气化患者（39.2%）存在鼻中隔偏曲，且鼻中隔偏曲更常发生在鼻甲气化的对侧。
儿童中鼻甲气化的患病率处于成人文献报道的较低范围。在鼻甲气化患者中，最常见的鼻甲气化类型是板层型。与之前的研究相似，鼻甲气化与对侧鼻中隔偏曲之间存在关联。此外，鼻甲气化的严重程度与鼻中隔偏曲的严重程度呈正相关。
