College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Oct;31(48):58231-58251. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34895-2. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
The persistent reliance on coal has resulted in the accumulation of substantial coal gangue, a globally recognized problematic solid waste with environmental risks. Given the coal gangue properties and global land degradation severity, the resourceful utilization of coal gangue as soil conditioners is believed to be a universally applicable, cost-effective, high-demand and environment-friendly model with broad application prospect. The direct application of raw coal gangue faces challenges of low active beneficial ingredients, inadequate water and fertilizer retention, presence of potentially toxic elements, resulting in limited efficacy and environmental contamination. This paper provided a comprehensive review of various modification methods (including mechanical, chemical, microbiological, thermal, hydrothermal and composite modifications) employed to enhance the soil improvement performance and reduce the environmental pollution of coal gangue. Furthermore, an analysis was conducted on the potential application of modified coal gangue as a muti-function soil conditioner based on its altered properties. The modified coal gangue is anticipated to effectively enhance soil quality, exhibiting significant potential in mitigating carbon emissions and facilitating soil carbon sequestration. This paper provided innovative ideas for future research on the comprehensive treatment of coal gangue and restoration of degraded soil in order to achieve the dual goals of zero-coal gangue waste and sustainable agriculture.
长期依赖煤炭导致了大量煤矸石的积累，煤矸石是一种具有全球公认的环境风险的问题性固体废物。鉴于煤矸石的特性和全球土地退化的严重程度，将煤矸石作为土壤改良剂进行资源化利用被认为是一种普遍适用、具有成本效益、高需求和环保的模式，具有广阔的应用前景。然而，直接应用原生煤矸石存在有效活性有益成分低、保水保肥能力不足、潜在有毒元素存在等问题，导致其效果有限且存在环境污染。本文全面综述了各种改性方法（包括机械、化学、微生物、热、水热和复合改性），这些方法被用于提高煤矸石的土壤改良性能并降低其环境污染。此外，还分析了改性煤矸石作为多功能土壤改良剂的潜在应用，基于其改性后的性质。改性煤矸石有望有效提高土壤质量，在减少碳排放和促进土壤碳固存方面具有显著潜力。本文为未来研究煤矸石的综合治理和退化土壤的修复提供了创新思路，以实现零煤矸石废物和可持续农业的双重目标。
