Department of Biology, Division of Biodiversity and Evolution, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
J Evol Biol. 2024 Nov 2;37(11):1312-1328. doi: 10.1093/jeb/voae115.
Divergent patterns of phenotypic selection on floral traits can arise in response to interactions with functionally distinct pollinators. However, there are a limited number of studies that relate patterns of phenotypic selection on floral traits to variation in local pollinator assemblages in pollination-generalized plant species. We studied phenotypic selection on floral traits of Viscaria vulgaris, a plant that interacts with a broad range of diurnal and nocturnal pollinators, and related divergence in phenotypic selection on floral traits to the expected level of divergence in local pollinator assemblages. We detected phenotypic selection on floral traits involved in the attraction of pollinators and the mechanics of pollen removal and deposition, and demonstrated that floral traits are subject to spatiotemporal variation in the strength and direction of phenotypic selection. We revealed that diurnal and nocturnal pollinators, when considered in isolation, mediated divergent patterns of phenotypic selection on floral traits. Consistent with the Grant-Stebbins model, we observed that divergence in phenotypic selection on floral traits increased with the expected level of divergence in local pollinator assemblages. Thus, generalized plant-pollinator interactions can mediate phenotypic selection on floral traits, and distinct local pollinator assemblages can generate a geographic mosaic of divergent patterns of phenotypic selection. We underscore that these outcomes are not exclusive to specialized plant-pollinator interactions and can emerge at a local geographic scale.
花部表型性状对选择的趋异模式可能是对功能上有区别的传粉者相互作用的响应。然而，将花部表型性状对选择的模式与传粉泛化植物物种中当地传粉者组合的变化联系起来的研究很少。我们研究了 Viscaria vulgaris 花部表型性状对选择的趋异模式，该植物与广泛的昼行性和夜行性传粉者相互作用，并将花部表型性状对选择的趋异模式与当地传粉者组合的预期趋异模式联系起来。我们检测到与传粉者吸引和花粉去除与沉积机制相关的花部表型性状对选择的趋异模式，并证明花部表型性状受到空间和时间上对选择的强度和方向的变化。我们揭示了昼行性和夜行性传粉者，当被单独考虑时，介导了花部表型性状对选择的趋异模式。与 Grant-Stebbins 模型一致，我们观察到花部表型性状对选择的趋异模式随着当地传粉者组合的预期趋异模式的增加而增加。因此，传粉泛化植物-传粉者相互作用可以介导花部表型性状对选择的趋异模式，而不同的当地传粉者组合可以产生花部表型性状对选择的地理镶嵌趋异模式。我们强调，这些结果并不是专门针对植物-传粉者相互作用的，并且可以在当地的地理尺度上出现。
