Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation; School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation.
Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation.
J Insect Physiol. 2024 Dec;159:104710. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104710. Epub 2024 Sep 15.
In Drosophila, the 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) hormone regulates numerous essential biological processes. Here, we studied the contribution of 20E to the activity of immune signaling pathways and antimicrobial activity using the model Drosophila S2 cells. We found that while 20E alone has no essential effect on this system, pretreating S2 cells with 20E followed by incubation with Escherichia coli or Micrococcus luteus stimulates the induction of a limited number of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes, such as Diptericin (Dpt) and Drosomycin (Drs). Contrary to this, cells pretreatment with 20E simulates the activity of numerous Bacillus subtilis-induced AMP genes. Interestingly, it also significantly promotes the expression of components of both the Toll (Dif, Dorsal, etc.) and the IMD pathways (Relish, IMD, etc.) in the presence of Bacillus subtilis. Unexpectedly, simultaneous treatment of S2 cells by 20E and all three bacteria shows another pattern of activity and leads to a suppression of Drosocin (Dro) induction, in particular. Our study reveals that the contribution of 20E to immune genes activity varies for different genes and depends on the mode of 20E interplay with the pathogen and the nature of the pathogen itself.
在果蝇中，20-羟蜕皮酮（20E）激素调节许多重要的生物学过程。在这里，我们使用模型果蝇 S2 细胞研究了 20E 对免疫信号通路和抗菌活性的贡献。我们发现，虽然 20E 本身对该系统没有必要的影响，但用 20E 预处理 S2 细胞，然后用大肠杆菌或藤黄微球菌孵育，会刺激有限数量的抗菌肽（AMP）基因的诱导，如 Diptericin（Dpt）和 Drosomycin（Drs）。与此相反，20E 预处理细胞模拟了许多枯草芽孢杆菌诱导的 AMP 基因的活性。有趣的是，它在存在枯草芽孢杆菌的情况下还显著促进了 Toll（Dif、Dorsal 等）和 IMD 途径（Relish、IMD 等）的组成部分的表达。出乎意料的是，同时用 20E 和三种细菌处理 S2 细胞显示出另一种活性模式，并导致特别是 Dro 诱导的抑制。我们的研究表明，20E 对免疫基因活性的贡献因不同基因而异，并取决于 20E 与病原体相互作用的方式和病原体本身的性质。
