Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
J Atten Disord. 2024 Dec;28(14):1760-1782. doi: 10.1177/10870547241277521. Epub 2024 Sep 18.
To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying working memory (WM) deficits in children with ADHD.
WM was compared between thirty-four children with ADHD and thirty-four matched controls using neuropsychological tests, spatial and verbal versions of modified delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) tasks, and the event-related potential technique.
Children with ADHD demonstrated poor behavioral performance, delayed P3 latencies in high-load spatial modified DMTS tasks during encoding, and delayed P2 and N2 latencies during retrieval in spatial modified DMTS tasks. In high-load verbal modified DMTS tasks during encoding, they showed a smaller P3 amplitude.
Pronounced deficits in the central executive system in children with ADHD were exhibited by neuropsychological tests and the modified DMTS task. Children with ADHD exhibited a slowing of processing speed during encoding. Under high-load conditions, they showed a reduced P3 amplitude during retrieval, suggesting reduced neural resource allocation was available when the central executive of the working memory was heavily loaded.
探究 ADHD 儿童工作记忆（WM）缺陷的神经机制。
使用神经心理学测试、空间和言语改良延迟匹配样本任务（DMTS）以及事件相关电位技术，比较了 34 名 ADHD 儿童和 34 名匹配对照组的 WM。
ADHD 儿童表现出较差的行为表现，在高负荷空间改良 DMTS 任务的编码期间 P3 潜伏期延迟，在空间改良 DMTS 任务的检索期间 P2 和 N2 潜伏期延迟。在高负荷言语改良 DMTS 任务的编码期间，他们的 P3 振幅较小。
神经心理学测试和改良 DMTS 任务显示 ADHD 儿童的中央执行系统存在明显缺陷。ADHD 儿童在编码期间表现出处理速度减慢。在高负荷条件下，他们在检索期间的 P3 振幅降低，表明当工作记忆的中央执行器负荷过重时，可用的神经资源分配减少。
