Mascareñas-García Marta, Custodio Estefania, Issa Mahamat Garba, Bechir M, Kayitakire Francois
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Matern Child Nutr. 2025 Jan;21(1):e13697. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13697. Epub 2024 Sep 18.
Women of reproductive age are particularly vulnerable to low-quality diets due to their higher micronutrients needs. The minimum dietary diversity for women (MDDW) is a proxy for micronutrient adequacy in this group of women. Its relationship with other aspects that lead to malnutrition is not fully elucidated and depends on the context. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of MDDW among women of a rural area in Chad and its association with socioeconomical, agricultural, dietary and food security data. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Following a multistage cluster sampling, 984 women of reproductive age were randomly selected and interviewed in March 2019. We obtained food consumption data through unquantified 24 h recalls and computed MDDW as consuming at least five out of 10 predefined food groups. We constructed a Food Production Diversity Score (FPDS) with crop and livestock information. We obtained multivariable logistic regression models including different covariates. MDDW was achieved by only 33% of women in the sample. In our final model, we identified a significant association of MDDW with the FPDS and gathering of wild plants. Women in households with the highest FPDS had 70% more chances of achieving MDDW than those with the lowest FPDS. Gathering wild plants doubled these chances. Areas of cultivated land, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene resources, and a high level of food security, measured with the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, were also significantly related to the achievement of MDDW. This illustrates the importance of nutrition-sensitive policies, also considering biodiversity and food production diversification.
育龄妇女由于对微量营养素的需求较高，特别容易受到低质量饮食的影响。妇女的最低膳食多样性（MDDW）是该组妇女微量营养素充足程度的一个替代指标。它与导致营养不良的其他方面的关系尚未完全阐明，并且取决于具体情况。在本研究中，我们评估了乍得一个农村地区妇女中MDDW的患病率及其与社会经济、农业、饮食和粮食安全数据的关联。进行了一项横断面研究。通过多阶段整群抽样，于2019年3月随机选取了984名育龄妇女并进行访谈。我们通过未量化的24小时回忆法获取食物消费数据，并将MDDW计算为在10个预定义食物组中至少食用5种。我们利用作物和牲畜信息构建了一个食物生产多样性得分（FPDS）。我们获得了包括不同协变量的多变量逻辑回归模型。样本中只有33%的妇女达到了MDDW。在我们的最终模型中，我们确定MDDW与FPDS以及采集野生植物之间存在显著关联。FPDS最高的家庭中的妇女实现MDDW的机会比FPDS最低的家庭中的妇女高70%。采集野生植物使这些机会增加了一倍。耕地面积、水、环境卫生和个人卫生资源，以及用家庭粮食不安全获取量表衡量的高水平粮食安全，也与实现MDDW显著相关。这说明了营养敏感政策的重要性，同时也要考虑生物多样性和粮食生产多样化。
