Huang Rong-Gui, Li Kai-Di, Wu Hong, Wang Yi-Yu, Xu Ya, Jin Xue, Du Yu-Jie, Wang Yi-Yuan, Wang Jing, Lu Zhang-Wei, Li Bao-Zhu
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China.
School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2024 Dec;86:127524. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127524. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
Recent studies have shown an association between trace elements and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the relationship between trace elements and SLE is still unclear. This study aims to determine the distribution of plasma trace elements in newly diagnosed SLE patients and the association between these essential and toxic element mixtures and SLE.
In total, 110 SLE patients and 110 healthy controls were included. Blood samples were collected. 15 plasma trace elements were quantified using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile g-computation (qgcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) are used to analyze the association between single and mixed exposure of elements and SLE.
The logistic regression model shows that, plasma lithium (Li) [OR (95 % CI): 1.963 (1.49-2.586)], vanadium (V) [OR (95 % CI): 2.617(1.645-4.166)] and lead (Pb) [OR (95 % CI): 1.603(1.197-2.145)] were positively correlated with SLE, while selenium (Se) [OR (95 % CI): 0.055(0.019-0.157)] and barium (Ba) [OR (95 % CI): 0.792(0.656-0.957)] had been identified as protective factors for SLE. RCS results showed a non-linear correlation between the elements Li, V, Ni, copper, Se, rubidium and SLE. In addition, WQS regression, qgcomp, and BKMR models consistently revealed significant positive effects of plasma Li and Pb on SLE, as well as significant negative effects of plasma Se.
Exposure to heavy metals such as Li and Pb is significantly positively correlated with SLE, but Se may be protective factors for SLE. In addition, there is a nonlinear correlation between the elements Li and Se and SLE, and there are complex interactions between the elements. In the future, larger populations and prospective studies are needed to confirm these associations.
近期研究显示微量元素与系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）之间存在关联，但微量元素与SLE的关系仍不明确。本研究旨在确定新诊断的SLE患者血浆微量元素的分布情况，以及这些必需元素和有毒元素混合物与SLE之间的关联。
共纳入110例SLE患者和110例健康对照。采集血样。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）对15种血浆微量元素进行定量分析。采用多变量逻辑回归、受限立方样条（RCS）、加权分位数和（WQS）回归、分位数g计算（qgcomp）以及贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）分析元素的单一和混合暴露与SLE之间的关联。
逻辑回归模型显示，血浆锂（Li）[比值比（95%可信区间）：1.963（1.49 - 2.586）]、钒（V）[比值比（95%可信区间）：2.617（1.645 - 4.166）]和铅（Pb）[比值比（95%可信区间）：1.603（1.197 - 2.145）]与SLE呈正相关，而硒（Se）[比值比（95%可信区间）：0.055（0.019 - 0.157）]和钡（Ba）[比值比（95%可信区间）：0.792（0.656 - 0.957）]被确定为SLE的保护因素。RCS结果显示锂、钒、镍、铜、硒、铷等元素与SLE之间存在非线性相关性。此外，WQS回归、qgcomp和BKMR模型一致显示血浆锂和铅对SLE有显著的正向影响，而血浆硒有显著的负向影响。
锂和铅等重金属暴露与SLE显著正相关，但硒可能是SLE的保护因素。此外，锂和硒元素与SLE之间存在非线性相关性，且元素之间存在复杂的相互作用。未来需要更大规模的人群和前瞻性研究来证实这些关联。
