College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Nov;370:122502. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122502. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
The high content of recalcitrant lignocellulose in green waste (GW) makes composting and degradation challenging. Conventional GW composting typically employs single-strain microbial inoculants (MIs) with limited enzyme production capabilities, resulting in low composting efficiency and suboptimal compost product quality. In this study, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (J1), Clonostachys rogersoniana (B2), and Streptomyces thermoviolaceus (J3) was utilized to optimize cultivation conditions and strain ratios based on enzyme activity indicators. The aim was to develop a potent three-strain lignocellulose-degrading MIs and test the hypothesis that its performance is superior to that of single-strain and two-strain MIs in terms of lignocellulose degradation and compost maturation. The results indicated that, the optimal treatment was T7, which was inoculated with a three-strain MIs composed of the spore suspensions of J1, B2, and J3 with a volume ratio of 3:3:2. Specifically, compared to the control (without MI), T7 increased the content of particle size between 0.25 and 2.00 mm and humic acid by 17% and 291%, respectively. Furthermore, T7 enhanced the degradation rates of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin by 197%, 145%, and 113%, respectively, and increased the activities of laccase, manganese peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, and carboxymethyl cellulase by 605%, 269%, 180%, and 228%, respectively. Additionally, T7 increased the relative abundance of bacteria (e.g. Pseudomonas) and fungi (e.g. Parascedosporium) that facilitated lignocellulose degradation, enhanced the alpha diversity index and promoted the formation of a microbial community structure characterized by prominent dominant species and greater diversity. Remarkably, the inoculation with the three-strain MI yielded high-quality compost within 32 days.
绿色废物（GW）中含有大量难以分解的木质纤维素，这使得其堆肥和降解具有挑战性。传统的 GW 堆肥通常采用单一菌株微生物接种剂（MI），其酶生产能力有限，导致堆肥效率低下，堆肥产品质量不佳。在这项研究中，利用解淀粉芽孢杆菌（J1）、罗伦隐球酵母（B2）和嗜热毁丝霉（J3），根据酶活性指标优化了培养条件和菌株比例。目的是开发一种有效的三菌株木质纤维素降解 MI，并验证其在木质纤维素降解和堆肥成熟方面优于单菌株和两菌株 MI 的假设。结果表明，最佳处理是 T7，它接种了由 J1、B2 和 J3 的孢子悬浮液组成的三菌株 MI，体积比为 3:3:2。具体而言，与对照（无 MI）相比，T7 分别增加了粒径在 0.25-2.00mm 之间的物质含量和腐殖酸含量 17%和 291%。此外，T7 分别提高了纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的降解率 197%、145%和 113%，并分别提高了漆酶、锰过氧化物酶、木质素过氧化物酶和羧甲基纤维素酶的活性 605%、269%、180%和 228%。此外，T7 增加了有利于木质纤维素降解的细菌（如假单胞菌）和真菌（如拟青霉）的相对丰度，提高了α多样性指数，并促进了以优势物种突出和多样性较大为特征的微生物群落结构的形成。值得注意的是，三菌株 MI 的接种在 32 天内产生了高质量的堆肥。
