Selçuk Senem Esin, Ozmen Ozge, Keskin Bırusk, Çolak Reyhan
International Center for Livestock Research and Training, Ankara, Türkiye; Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biology, Ankara, Türkiye.
Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics, Ankara, Türkiye.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2024 Dec;52:101325. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101325. Epub 2024 Sep 13.
The coat color of mammals, determined by the distribution of melanin, particularly eumelanin and pheomelanin, reflects intricate genetic and molecular processes. However, our understanding of the relationship between coat color, gene expression, and polymorphisms in goats remains nascent. This study investigates transcriptomic differences between black and white Angora goats across three distinct hair growth phases. Skin tissue samples from both colored and white Angora goats were analyzed using mRNA expression profiling. Three skin samples were taken from each goat as biological duplicates at every stage of hair follicle growth (September, January, and March). In total, 36 samples were analyzed in this study, including samples from two Angora goat varieties, three developmental stages (three biological replicates), and two technical replicates for RNA sequencing. Significant differences in gene expression were observed between black and white goats at each growth phase, particularly in genes associated with the melanogenesis pathway. Specifically, several pigmentation genes were identified solely in black goats, indicating phase-specific and breed-specific regulation. Noteworthy genes, such as SLC2A1, STAR, and SLC7A5, exhibited differential expression patterns across growth phases in black goats, further highlighting the complexity of melanogenesis regulation. This is the first study to use mRNA expression profiling of skin tissues to analyze coat color differences between black and white coated Angora goats at the anagen, catagen, and telogen stages. The identification of phase-specific and black goat-specific pigmentation genes provides valuable insights into the complex mechanisms governing coat color formation.
哺乳动物的毛色由黑色素，特别是真黑素和褐黑素的分布决定，反映了复杂的遗传和分子过程。然而，我们对山羊毛色、基因表达和多态性之间关系的理解仍处于起步阶段。本研究调查了黑色和白色安哥拉山羊在三个不同毛发生长阶段的转录组差异。使用mRNA表达谱分析了有色和白色安哥拉山羊的皮肤组织样本。在毛囊生长的每个阶段（9月、1月和3月），从每只山羊身上采集三个皮肤样本作为生物学重复样本。本研究共分析了36个样本，包括来自两个安哥拉山羊品种、三个发育阶段（三个生物学重复）以及用于RNA测序的两个技术重复的样本。在每个生长阶段，黑色和白色山羊之间均观察到基因表达的显著差异，尤其是在与黑色素生成途径相关的基因中。具体而言，仅在黑色山羊中鉴定出了几个色素沉着基因，表明存在阶段特异性和品种特异性调控。值得注意的基因，如SLC2A1、STAR和SLC7A5，在黑色山羊的不同生长阶段表现出差异表达模式，进一步突出了黑色素生成调控的复杂性。这是第一项利用皮肤组织的mRNA表达谱分析黑色和白色被毛安哥拉山羊在生长期、退行期和休止期毛色差异的研究。阶段特异性和黑色山羊特异性色素沉着基因的鉴定为控制毛色形成的复杂机制提供了有价值的见解。
