MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China.
Mar Environ Res. 2024 Nov;202:106750. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106750. Epub 2024 Sep 13.
Global warming has significantly impacted agriculture, particularly in animal husbandry and aquaculture industry. Rising ocean temperatures due to global warming are severely affecting shellfish production, necessitating an understanding of how shellfish cope with thermal stress. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cell growth, differentiation, adaptation to environmental stress, inflammatory response, and managing high temperature stress. To investigate the function of MAPKs in bay scallops, a comparative genomics and bioinformatics approach identified three MAPK genes: AiERK, Aip38, and AiJNK. Structural and phylogenetic analyses of these proteins were conducted to determine their evolutionary relationships. Spatiotemporal expression patterns were examined at different developmental stages and in various tissues of healthy adult scallops. Additionally, the expression regulation of these genes was studied in selected tissues (hemocyte, gill, heart, mantle) following exposure to high temperatures (32 °C) for different durations (0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 6 d, 10 d). The spatiotemporal expressions of AiMAPKs were ubiquitous, with significant increases in AiERK expression observed at the umbo larval stage (3.09-fold), while Aip38 and AiJNK were identified as potential maternal effect genes. In adult scallops, different gene expression patterns of AiMAPKs were observed across eight tissues, with high expressions in the foot and gill, and lower expressions in the striated muscle. Following high temperature stress, AiMAPKs expressions in the gill and mantle were mainly up-regulated, while in the hemocyte, they were primarily down-regulated. These findings indicate time- and tissue-dependent expression patterns with functional allocation in response to different thermal durations. This study enhances our understanding of the function and evolution of AiMAPKs genes in shellfish and provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the energy regulation mechanism of bay scallops in response to high temperature stress.
全球变暖对农业产生了重大影响，尤其是畜牧业和水产养殖业。全球变暖导致海洋温度上升，严重影响贝类的生产，因此需要了解贝类如何应对热应激。丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号通路在细胞生长、分化、适应环境压力、炎症反应和应对高温应激方面发挥着关键作用。为了研究 MAPK 在海湾扇贝中的功能，采用比较基因组学和生物信息学方法鉴定了三个 MAPK 基因：AiERK、Aip38 和 AiJNK。对这些蛋白质进行了结构和系统发育分析，以确定它们的进化关系。在不同的发育阶段和健康成年扇贝的不同组织中检测了这些基因的时空表达模式。此外，研究了这些基因在选择的组织（血细胞、鳃、心脏、套膜）中的表达调控，这些组织在暴露于不同时间的高温（32°C）后：0 h、6 h、12 h、24 h、3 d、6 d、10 d。AiMAPKs 的时空表达是普遍存在的，在耳状幼虫阶段 AiERK 的表达显著增加（3.09 倍），而 Aip38 和 AiJNK 被鉴定为潜在的母性效应基因。在成年扇贝中，不同组织中的 AiMAPKs 基因表达模式不同，在足和鳃中表达较高，在横纹肌中表达较低。在高温胁迫下，鳃和套膜中的 AiMAPKs 表达主要上调，而血细胞中的表达主要下调。这些发现表明，AiMAPKs 基因的表达具有时间和组织依赖性，并且根据不同的热持续时间进行功能分配。本研究提高了我们对贝类 AiMAPKs 基因的功能和进化的理解，为阐明海湾扇贝应对高温胁迫的能量调节机制提供了理论基础。
