Sato So, Ono Sachiko, Sasabuchi Yusuke, Uemura Kohei, Yasunaga Hideo
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Eat-loss Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Am J Infect Control. 2025 Jan;53(1):82-86. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.09.011. Epub 2024 Sep 16.
Continuous mumps vaccine coverage is essential for eradicating mumps. However, due to safety concerns, Japan's mumps vaccination program transitioned from routine to voluntary. To improve coverage, some municipalities introduced subsidization programs, but the effects on vaccination rates and mumps incidence remain unclear.
In April 2018, a city in Japan launched a subsidization program for the mumps vaccine for children aged 1-6 years. Using vaccination records and healthcare claims from July 2016 to December 2019, we analyzed changes in vaccination coverage and mumps incidence before and after the program's initiation.
At the program's start, mumps vaccination coverage among eligible children was 3.3%, increasing by approximately 1.5% monthly to 38.4% after 21 months. Among 308,976 individuals, 145 mumps cases were identified: 92 cases (0.27 per 1,000 person-years) occurred before, and 53 (0.15 per 1,000 person-years) occurred after the program's start.
Although the mumps vaccination coverage rate increased following the program's initiation, it remained below the level required for eradication.
持续的腮腺炎疫苗接种覆盖率对于消除腮腺炎至关重要。然而，出于安全考虑，日本的腮腺炎疫苗接种计划从常规接种转变为自愿接种。为了提高覆盖率，一些市政当局推出了补贴计划，但对疫苗接种率和腮腺炎发病率的影响仍不明确。
2018年4月，日本一个城市启动了针对1至6岁儿童的腮腺炎疫苗补贴计划。利用2016年7月至2019年12月的疫苗接种记录和医疗理赔数据，我们分析了该计划启动前后疫苗接种覆盖率和腮腺炎发病率的变化。
在该计划启动时，符合条件的儿童中腮腺炎疫苗接种覆盖率为3.3%，此后每月大约增加1.5%，21个月后达到38.4%。在308,976人中，共确诊145例腮腺炎病例：计划启动前有92例（每1000人年0.27例），计划启动后有53例（每1000人年0.15例）。
尽管该计划启动后腮腺炎疫苗接种覆盖率有所提高，但仍低于消除腮腺炎所需的水平。
