Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Department of Global Health, Save the Children, Washington, D.C.
J Adolesc Health. 2024 Oct;75(4S):S62-S80. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.04.016.
To identify the key facilitators and barriers to implementing gender-transformative interventions among young adolescents (ages 10-14 years) in low- and middle-income countries and provide recommendations for guiding the next generation of intervention approaches.
A scoping review of the literature was first conducted to identify articles that contained the following inclusion criteria: (1) included 10- to 14-year-olds as a target population; (2) addressed gender inequality as a pathway to improved health; (3) implemented in a low- and middle-income country context; and (4) published between 2010 and 2023. Two databases, Scopus and PubMed, were searched as well as the gray literature. Additionally, to collect critical reflections on gender-transformative interventions, two expert meetings and four key informant interviews were conducted.
Among the 59 articles which were retrieved and reviewed, 30 were evaluations of specific gender-transformative interventions and the remaining 29 included literature reviews or critical reflections of gender-transformative interventions. Three key themes emerged from our analysis: (1) tailoring approaches for both boys and girls; (2) incorporating multilevel approaches; and (3) engaging multiple sectors, such as health, education, and sports. In each theme, we highlight the primary challenges as well as promising practices for implementation.
Efforts should continue unpacking the characteristics of intervention approaches where positive results are found among boys and girls in both implementation and impact. In terms of both multilevel and multisectoral programming, more evidence is needed to help identify which intervention activities should target which populations at what levels and how much to achieve positive impacts among young adolescents.
确定在中低收入国家对青少年（10-14 岁）实施性别变革干预的关键促进因素和障碍，并为指导下一代干预方法提供建议。
首先对文献进行了范围综述，以确定包含以下纳入标准的文章：（1）将 10-14 岁的青少年作为目标人群；（2）将性别不平等作为改善健康的途径；（3）在中低收入国家实施；（4）发表于 2010 年至 2023 年之间。我们搜索了 Scopus 和 PubMed 这两个数据库以及灰色文献。此外，为了收集对性别变革干预的批判性思考，我们举办了两次专家会议和四次关键意见访谈。
在检索和审查的 59 篇文章中，有 30 篇是对特定性别变革干预的评估，其余 29 篇包括性别变革干预的文献综述或批判性思考。我们的分析得出了三个关键主题：（1）为男孩和女孩量身定制方法；（2）纳入多层次方法；（3）参与多个部门，如卫生、教育和体育。在每个主题中，我们都强调了实施过程中的主要挑战和有希望的做法。
应继续努力剖析干预方法的特点，以了解在实施和影响方面，男孩和女孩都能取得积极成果的方法。就多层次和多部门规划而言，需要更多的证据来帮助确定哪些干预活动应该针对哪些人群，在哪些层面进行，以及需要多少干预才能对青少年产生积极影响。
