泰国跨性别医学生的学业困难、教育相关问题和歧视：泰国医学院的横断面研究。
Academic difficulties, education-related problems, and discrimination among Thai gender-diverse medical students: a cross-sectional study of Thai medical schools.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2024 Sep 18;24(1):1025. doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-06018-5.
BACKGROUND
Medical students with sexual and gender diversity (SGD) often face challenges in educational performance and encounter more education-related problems, potentially due to discrimination in medical schools. This study aimed to compare academic difficulties, education-related issues, and experiences of discrimination among medical students with SGD versus those identifying as non-SGD.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study. Participants included a convenient sample of medical students aged at least 18 from five Thai medical schools, all recruited during the 2021 academic year. General demographic data, academic difficulties, education-related problems, and both positive and negative aspects of medical education, encompassing physical aspects, supporting systems, and discrimination, were assessed. The descriptive data and comparison between SGD and non-SGD medical students were performed. Binary logistic regression was adopted to evaluate the association between characteristics of discrimination in each categorized type of gender diversity.
RESULTS
Among 1322 medical students, 412 (31.2%) described themselves as having SGD. There was no significant difference in academic performance between SGD and non-SGD students. However, SGD students reported higher dropout thoughts (39.8% vs. 23.1%, p < 0.001) and self-perceived burnouts (84.2% vs. 74.9%, p < 0.001). The SGD group perceived lower support from medical staff and higher inadequate financial support (30.3% vs. 22.1%, p < 0.01; 11.2% vs. 23.1%, p < 0.01, respectively). 64.44% of students reported witnessing at least one form of discrimination. Lesbian students were more likely to report witnessing discrimination (OR = 3.85, [1.05-14.16]). Gay students were significantly associated with experiencing sexist remarks (OR = 6.53 [3.93-10.84]) and lower selectively prohibited educational opportunities (OR = 0.36 [0.21-0.63]).
CONCLUSIONS
While academic performance did not differ between medical students with SGD and their non-SGD peers, SGD students reported more academic difficulties and perceived less support from medical staff and financial support. They also reported a higher incidence of discrimination. The need for specific interventions to address these issues should be further explored.
背景
性少数和性别多样化（SGD）的医学生在学业表现方面经常面临挑战，并遇到更多与教育相关的问题，这可能是由于医学院中的歧视造成的。本研究旨在比较 SGD 医学生与非 SGD 医学生之间的学业困难、教育相关问题和歧视经历。
方法
这是一项横断面研究。参与者包括来自泰国五所医学院的至少 18 岁的方便样本医学生，他们都是在 2021 学年期间招募的。评估了一般人口统计学数据、学业困难、教育相关问题以及涵盖身体方面、支持系统和歧视在内的医学教育的积极和消极方面。对 SGD 和非 SGD 医学生进行描述性数据分析和比较。采用二元逻辑回归评估每种性别多样化分类类型的歧视特征之间的关联。
结果
在 1322 名医学生中，有 412 名（31.2%）描述自己具有 SGD。SGD 学生和非 SGD 学生的学业表现没有显著差异。然而，SGD 学生报告的辍学想法更高（39.8%比 23.1%，p<0.001）和自我感知的倦怠率更高（84.2%比 74.9%，p<0.001）。SGD 组感知到来自医务人员的支持较低，并且财务支持不足的情况更严重（30.3%比 22.1%，p<0.01；11.2%比 23.1%，p<0.01，分别）。64.44%的学生报告至少目睹过一种形式的歧视。女同性恋学生更有可能报告目睹歧视（OR=3.85，[1.05-14.16]）。男同性恋学生与遭受性别歧视言论（OR=6.53 [3.93-10.84]）和选择性禁止教育机会减少（OR=0.36 [0.21-0.63]）显著相关。
结论
虽然 SGD 医学生与非 SGD 同龄人之间的学业表现没有差异，但 SGD 学生报告的学业困难更多，感知到医务人员和财务支持较少，并且报告的歧视发生率更高。需要进一步探讨针对这些问题的具体干预措施。
Zotero 插件