Ghosh Deyatima, Borzée Amaël
Laboratory of Animal Behaviour and Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, People's Republic of China.
Jiangsu Agricultural Biodiversity Cultivation and Utilization Research Center, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China.
R Soc Open Sci. 2024 Sep 18;11(9):240535. doi: 10.1098/rsos.240535. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Increases in agricultural intensity due to anthropogenic demands alongside the need to reduce the reliance on pesticides have resulted in an urgent need for sustainable options for pest control. Biological pest regulation is an alternative strategy that relies on natural predators and is essentially a by-product of successful foraging. Therefore, knowledge of the predator's specific foraging behaviour can significantly improve bioregulation. In this article, we discuss the implications of predators' diverse foraging modes on their efficiency as bioregulators of crop pests using amphibians and reptiles as models. Amphibians and reptiles are promising bioregulators as they are insectivorous, and the diversity in their foraging styles-ambush and active foraging, differing in energy expenditure, movement, cognitive abilities, reliance on cues, response to predatory risk, competition and prey salience-can have specific impacts on pest regulation. We propose the uptake of this concept into strategizing pest management actions. We are now moving towards an era of biological pest regulation, which is the most targeted, economically profitable method with zero negative impact on the ecosystem. Utilizing diverse traits associated with the different foraging modes in vertebrate predators can be a crucial tool in allowing pest management to adapt to the extreme challenges it is facing.
由于人为需求导致农业集约化程度提高，同时需要减少对杀虫剂的依赖，这使得迫切需要可持续的害虫控制方案。生物害虫调控是一种替代策略，它依赖于自然捕食者，本质上是成功觅食的副产品。因此，了解捕食者的特定觅食行为可以显著提高生物调控效果。在本文中，我们以两栖动物和爬行动物为模型，讨论捕食者不同的觅食模式对其作为作物害虫生物调控者效率的影响。两栖动物和爬行动物有望成为生物调控者，因为它们以昆虫为食，其觅食方式（伏击和主动觅食）的多样性在能量消耗、移动、认知能力、对线索的依赖、对捕食风险的反应、竞争和猎物显著性等方面存在差异，这可能对害虫调控产生特定影响。我们建议将这一概念纳入害虫管理行动的战略规划中。我们正迈向生物害虫调控的时代，这是最具针对性、经济上有利可图且对生态系统零负面影响的方法。利用脊椎动物捕食者不同觅食模式相关的多样特征，可能是使害虫管理适应其所面临极端挑战的关键工具。
