Krishnasamy Vembu, Jayaram Kumari Manjini, Jayaseelan Venkatachalam, Shanmugam Ramesh, Sadan Vathsala
Community Health Nursing, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.
Medical Surgical Nursing, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Jul 11;13:210. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1411_23. eCollection 2024.
The recent spike in the incidence of type 2 diabetes is most likely caused by the obvious rise in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. The risk of developing noncommunicable illnesses can be prevented and reduced with even modest weight loss. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of a nurse-led intervention (NLI) strategy on weight reduction among adults in urban Puducherry.
A two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled study with an open label was conducted with obese adults in urban areas of Puducherry, namely Nesavalar colony and Govindanpet, from November 2022 to February 2023. Totally, 88 obese adults were randomized using a simple random sampling method to either the NLI arm or the general care (GC) arm. WHO STEPS (version 3.2) questionnaire was adopted to gather baseline and end line data. NLI arm participants received NLI and GC arm participants received GC from urban primary health center. In statistical analysis, the proportion was used to summarize categorical variables. The parametric and nonparametric tests were applied based on the variable type and normality of the data. Multiple linear regressions were used with outcome changes in weight in the NLI arm.
At 16 weeks, the NLI arm lost a mean weight of - 2.58 kg and the GC arm gained 0.38 kg with a mean difference in weight of 2.96 between arms. A significant reduction was found ( < 0.001) in weight, waist circumference, body mass index, and also found significant improvement in cholesterol profile and thyroid stimulating hormone.
This community-based NLI study is effective for weight reduction in urban Puducherry and it lowers the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases among adults. Due to the larger size of the geographical area and the more number of clusters, a stringent follow-up plan and extra manpower must be created for the main study.
2型糖尿病发病率近期的激增很可能是由超重和肥胖患病率的显著上升所致。即使是适度的体重减轻也可以预防和降低患非传染性疾病的风险。本研究旨在评估由护士主导的干预（NLI）策略对本地治里市城区成年人减重的有效性。
2022年11月至2023年2月，在本地治里市城区的内萨瓦拉尔殖民地和戈文丹佩特，对肥胖成年人开展了一项双臂、平行组、开放标签的随机对照研究。总共88名肥胖成年人通过简单随机抽样方法被随机分配至NLI组或一般护理（GC）组。采用世界卫生组织的《全球健康问卷》（第3.2版）收集基线和终末数据。NLI组参与者接受NLI，GC组参与者从城市初级卫生中心接受GC。在统计分析中，比例用于汇总分类变量。根据数据的变量类型和正态性应用参数检验和非参数检验。对NLI组体重的结果变化进行多元线性回归分析。
在16周时，NLI组平均体重减轻2.58千克，GC组体重增加0.38千克，两组间体重平均差异为2.96千克。体重、腰围、体重指数均有显著降低（<0.001），胆固醇水平和促甲状腺激素也有显著改善。
这项基于社区的NLI研究对本地治里市城区的减重有效，且降低了成年人患非传染性疾病的风险。由于地理区域面积较大且集群数量较多，必须为主要研究制定严格的随访计划并增加人力。
