Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Study, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
PLoS One. 2024 Sep 19;19(9):e0310592. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310592. eCollection 2024.
Lighting modification is commonly performed by optometrists and occupational therapists to enhance visibility and visual comfort among schoolchildren with low vision. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal illumination level for visual function and visual comfort of schoolchildren with low vision and the relationship between them. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess five levels of illumination ranging from 125 lux to 2000 lux to determine the optimal illumination for visual functions and visual comfort in schoolchildren with low vision from a special education school for blind in Malaysia. Purposive sampling was done to recruit forty-two schoolchildren with low vision for this study. Visual functions assessed were visual acuity, measured using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study LogMAR chart at distance and near, contrast sensitivity (CS) measured using the Pelli-Robson chart at distance and the Mars CS chart at near. Reading speed was determined using the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Malay Language Related Word Reading Text test chart. Subjects were asked to rate their visual comfort using a validated questionnaire at the end of each measurement of visual functions and reading speed for the different illumination levels. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity at distance and near, visual comfort and reading speed improved significantly with increase in illumination levels (p<0.05). However, the interaction between illumination level and level of low vision was not significant (p>0.05). Visual comfort was significantly associated with visual function (p<0.05), while direct association between visual comfort and illumination level was not significant (p>0.05). Optimal illumination for improvement of visual function, reading speed and visual comfort range from 276.67 lux to 701.59 lux. Majority of the schoolchildren with low vision had improved visual function, reading speed and visual comfort with increased illumination. Illumination of at least 600 lux is recommended for maximum visual functioning and visual comfort of schoolchildren with low vision.
照明调节通常由验光师和职业治疗师进行，以提高低视力儿童的可见度和视觉舒适度。本研究的目的是确定低视力儿童视觉功能和视觉舒适度的最佳照明水平及其之间的关系。一项横断面研究评估了从 125 勒克斯到 2000 勒克斯的五个照明水平，以确定马来西亚一所盲人特殊教育学校的低视力儿童的最佳视觉功能和视觉舒适度照明水平。本研究采用目的抽样法招募了 42 名低视力儿童。评估的视觉功能包括远视力和近视力的视力、使用早期糖尿病视网膜病变研究 LogMAR 图表测量的视力、使用 Pelli-Robson 图表测量的远视力对比敏感度 (CS) 和 Mars CS 图表测量的近视力 CS。阅读速度使用马来西亚国民大学马来语相关文字阅读文本测试图表确定。在对不同照明水平的视觉功能和阅读速度进行每次测量后，让受试者使用经过验证的问卷对其视觉舒适度进行评分。远视力和近视力的视力和对比敏感度、视觉舒适度和阅读速度随着照明水平的增加而显著提高（p<0.05）。然而，照明水平和低视力水平之间的相互作用不显著（p>0.05）。视觉舒适度与视觉功能显著相关（p<0.05），而视觉舒适度与照明水平之间没有直接关联（p>0.05）。提高视觉功能、阅读速度和视觉舒适度的最佳照明范围为 276.67 勒克斯至 701.59 勒克斯。大多数低视力儿童随着光照的增加，其视觉功能、阅读速度和视觉舒适度都得到了提高。建议为低视力儿童提供至少 600 勒克斯的光照，以获得最大的视觉功能和视觉舒适度。
