School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 19;14(1):21847. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72570-1.
Catkins, as a significant source of plant-caused pollution, disrupts daily human activities and industrial processes. Despite their impact, catkins have not been included in official environmental quality monitoring indicators, leading to a deficiency in scientifically rigorous collection and monitoring methodologies, as well as a lack of ecological prevention and management strategies. In this study, we introduced a fine-scale monitoring approach for catkins. Qualitative and quantitative relationships between catkin concentrations, plant community characteristics and microclimate factors were elucidated by analyzing on-site catkin concentration data from 33 representative plant communities in Beijing. Furthermore, we summarized the ecological strategies for the prevention and management of these catkins. The results indicated that (1) T (three-dimensional green volume of trees in the catkin source layer), S (three-dimensional green volume of shrubs in the catkin barrier layer), G (three-dimensional green volume of ground cover plants in the catkin barrier layer), T (three-dimensional green volume of trees in the whole plant community), W (three-dimensional green volume of the whole plant community), species diversity, and relative air humidity were key plant community characteristics and microclimate factors influencing catkin concentration. Among these factors, T, T, W, and relative air humidity showed a significant positive correlation with catkin concentration, while S, G, and species diversity exhibited a significant negative correlation with catkin concentration. (2) All seven key factors exhibited nonlinear relationships with catkin concentration. (3) T served as the primary deciding factor for catkin concentration within the plant community. When T > 744.0755 m, the secondary decision factor for catkin concentration was G. Otherwise, the determinants were S and species diversity. The results showed that enhancing tree species diversity, enhancing the three-dimensional green volume of shrubs and ground cover plants, and increasing air humidity were practical means to facilitate the sedimentation of catkins. The measures used to obstruct catkins vary depending on the T. When catkin source plants are abundant within a plant community, it is advisable to prioritize increasing ground cover plants. Conversely, when fewer sources of such plants exist, emphasis can be placed on augmenting mid-layer shrubs and diversifying plant species. These findings provide a scientific foundation for the planting design and stock optimization of communities containing catkin source plants.
柳絮作为一种重要的植物污染源，扰乱了人们的日常活动和工业生产。尽管柳絮对环境有影响，但它们并未被纳入官方环境质量监测指标中，导致缺乏科学严谨的采集和监测方法，以及缺乏生态预防和管理策略。本研究引入了一种对柳絮进行精细化监测的方法。通过分析北京 33 个具有代表性的植物群落的现场柳絮浓度数据，阐明了柳絮浓度与植物群落特征和小气候因素之间的定性和定量关系。此外，我们总结了这些柳絮的生态防治策略。结果表明：（1）T（柳絮源层树木的三维绿量）、S（柳絮屏障层灌木的三维绿量）、G（柳絮屏障层地被植物的三维绿量）、T（整个植物群落的三维绿量）、W（整个植物群落的三维绿量）、物种多样性和相对空气湿度是影响柳絮浓度的关键植物群落特征和小气候因素。在这些因素中，T、T、W 和相对空气湿度与柳絮浓度呈显著正相关，而 S、G 和物种多样性与柳絮浓度呈显著负相关。（2）所有七个关键因素与柳絮浓度均呈非线性关系。（3）T 是植物群落中决定柳絮浓度的主要因素。当 T＞744.0755 m 时，柳絮浓度的次要决定因素为 G。否则，决定因素为 S 和物种多样性。结果表明，增加树种多样性、增加灌木和地被植物的三维绿量、增加空气湿度是促进柳絮沉降的实用手段。阻碍柳絮的措施因 T 而异。当植物群落中柳絮源植物丰富时，增加地被植物是明智之举。相反，当此类植物的源较少时，可以侧重于增加中层灌木和植物物种的多样性。这些发现为含有柳絮源植物的群落的种植设计和种群优化提供了科学依据。
