Sato Tomohiko, Takahashi Itsuki, Watanabe Yusuke, Yokoyama Daiki, Shimokawa Noriaki
Department of Physical Therapy, Ota College of Medical Technology, Ota, Gunma 373-0812, Japan.
Department of Nutrition, Takasaki University Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0033, Japan.
Exp Ther Med. 2024 Sep 4;28(5):416. doi: 10.3892/etm.2024.12705. eCollection 2024 Nov.
The normal structure of the spinal vertebrae is important for maintaining posture and the normal function of the thoracoabdominal organs and nervous system. Kyphoscoliosis occurs when the spinal vertebrae curve excessively beyond their physiological curvature to the back and side. Congenital kyphoscoliosis, a type of kyphoscoliosis, develops in the fetal period and is present in early childhood. However, neither the mechanism of pathogenesis nor the responsible gene has been identified. The lack of established animal models is a significant hurdle that limits the study of congenital kyphoscoliosis. Over the past 15 years, we have been accumulating data on this issue using rat models, based on the idea that the development of congenital kyphoscoliosis is caused by the abnormal expression of genes involved in normal bone formation. We hypothesize that analysis of an animal model of congenital kyphoscoliosis will provide a basis for the treatment of this disease in humans. The present review aimed to introduce molecules and mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of kyphoscoliosis and to discuss the usefulness of studying this disease using model rats that develop kyphoscoliosis.
脊椎的正常结构对于维持体态以及胸腹部器官和神经系统的正常功能至关重要。脊柱后凸侧凸是指脊椎过度弯曲，超出其生理曲度，向背部和侧面弯曲。先天性脊柱后凸侧凸是脊柱后凸侧凸的一种类型，在胎儿期形成，在儿童早期出现。然而，其发病机制和相关基因均未明确。缺乏成熟的动物模型是限制先天性脊柱后凸侧凸研究的一个重大障碍。在过去的15年里，我们基于先天性脊柱后凸侧凸的发生是由参与正常骨形成的基因异常表达所致这一观点，利用大鼠模型积累了关于这个问题的数据。我们推测，对先天性脊柱后凸侧凸动物模型的分析将为人类治疗这种疾病提供依据。本综述旨在介绍与脊柱后凸侧凸发病机制相关的分子和机制，并讨论使用发生脊柱后凸侧凸的模型大鼠研究这种疾病的实用性。
