Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL (airways) & Dermatologie (skin), Groupe Recherche en Kinésithérapie Respiratoire, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Service de kinésithérapie et ergothérapie, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2024 Nov;36(11):e14916. doi: 10.1111/nmo.14916. Epub 2024 Sep 20.
Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) commonly occurs in neuromuscular diseases (NMD). Appropriate management involves early detection, clinical evaluation, and tailored follow-up to minimize complications. Various assessment tools exist, including the Sydney Swallow Questionnaire (SSQ), a patient-reported outcome measure for assessing OD severity in adult patients. This paper proposes utilizing an innovative risk matrix (OD-Risk-Matrix) to enhance SSQ interpretation. This matrix categorizes OD risk for each SSQ question, offering valuable assistance to clinicians.
This study analyzes SSQ results from a cohort of individuals with NMD (n = 57). Patients filled in the SSQ during outpatient visits at our neuromuscular center. Subsequently, SSQ scores were grouped by NMD conditions and interpreted using the OD-Risk-Matrix categorizing each question's risk as low, moderate, or high. This matrix is based on the SSQ results by categorizing the risk of OD for each question, as well as the likelihood of occurrence of OD.
In light of the OD-Risk-Matrix, the interpretation of SSQ scores revealed various risk categories associated with each question, while also highlighting distinct OD characteristics and discrepancies among the different NMDs.
In conclusion, the OD-Risk-Matrix offers a framework for interpreting the SSQ, revealing variations in the risks of OD among different questions in patients with NMD. This novel approach could be a valuable tool in SSQ interpretation to identify specific fields of OD and could lead to a tailored management plan, prioritizing interventions aimed at reducing the risk of aspiration, ensuring proper nutrition, and enhancing swallowing safety and efficiency.
口咽吞咽困难（OD）在神经肌肉疾病（NMD）中较为常见。适当的管理包括早期发现、临床评估和针对性随访，以最大程度地减少并发症。存在各种评估工具，包括悉尼吞咽问卷（SSQ），这是一种用于评估成年患者 OD 严重程度的患者报告结局测量工具。本文提出利用创新的风险矩阵（OD-Risk-Matrix）来增强 SSQ 的解读。该矩阵对每个 SSQ 问题的 OD 风险进行分类，为临床医生提供有价值的帮助。
本研究分析了来自 NMD 患者队列的 SSQ 结果（n=57）。患者在我们的神经肌肉中心门诊就诊时填写 SSQ。随后，根据 NMD 情况对 SSQ 评分进行分组，并使用 OD-Risk-Matrix 进行解读，该矩阵将每个问题的风险归类为低、中或高。该矩阵基于 SSQ 结果，通过对每个问题的 OD 风险以及 OD 发生的可能性进行分类。
根据 OD-Risk-Matrix，SSQ 评分的解读揭示了与每个问题相关的各种风险类别，同时突出了不同 NMD 之间的 OD 特征和差异。
总之，OD-Risk-Matrix 为 SSQ 的解读提供了一个框架，揭示了 NMD 患者不同问题的 OD 风险的变化。这种新方法可能是 SSQ 解读中的一种有价值的工具，可以识别 OD 的特定领域，并可以制定针对性的管理计划，优先考虑旨在降低吸入风险、确保适当营养以及提高吞咽安全性和效率的干预措施。
