Zhou Qiongjie, Zhao Xingzhong, Chen Jingqi, Yang Anyi, Zhao Xing-Ming, Li Xiaotian
Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
Psychiatry Res. 2024 Dec;342:116183. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116183. Epub 2024 Sep 11.
This study aimed to compare the neuropsychological function in early adolescence between children born small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) and those born appropriate for gestational age (AGA).
This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study in 2016-18. Children born of singleton pregnancy with complete information of birth weight and delivery week were enrolled. Their neuropsychological functioning were assessed by the brain structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), combined with cognitive and behavioral measurements. Linear mixed-effects models and subgroup analyses were performed.
Among 5,922 children aged 9-11, children born SGA and LGA demonstrated similar cognitive and behavioral performances as children born AGA (P > 0.05). In the MRI measurement, brain area and volume were lower among SGA children compared to AGA children (t=-5.626, Cohen's d = 0.448, P < 0.001; t=-6.071, Cohen's d = 0.427, P < 0.001); brain area and volume were higher among LGA children compared to AGA children (t = 8.562, Cohen's d = 0.470, P < 0.001; t = 8.562, Cohen's d = 0.470, P < 0.001). Cortical thickness was of no statistical difference (P > 0.05). These associations were confirmed by sensitivity analyses and propensity score matching.
Children born of SGA and LGA status were associated with altered brain area and volume structure in early adolescence.
本研究旨在比较小于胎龄儿（SGA）、大于胎龄儿（LGA）和适于胎龄儿（AGA）在青春期早期的神经心理功能。
这项回顾性队列研究利用了2016 - 2018年青少年大脑认知发展研究的数据。纳入单胎妊娠且有完整出生体重和分娩周信息的儿童。通过脑结构磁共振成像（MRI）结合认知和行为测量来评估他们的神经心理功能。进行了线性混合效应模型和亚组分析。
在5922名9 - 11岁的儿童中，SGA和LGA出生的儿童与AGA出生的儿童表现出相似的认知和行为表现（P > 0.05）。在MRI测量中，与AGA儿童相比，SGA儿童的脑区和脑容量较低（t = -5.626，Cohen's d = 0.448，P < 0.001；t = -6.071，Cohen's d = 0.427，P < 0.001）；与AGA儿童相比，LGA儿童的脑区和脑容量较高（t = 8.562，Cohen's d = 0.470，P < 0.001；t = 8.562，Cohen's d = 0.470，P < 0.001）。皮质厚度无统计学差异（P > 0.05）。敏感性分析和倾向得分匹配证实了这些关联。
SGA和LGA状态出生的儿童在青春期早期与脑区和脑容量结构改变有关。
