Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; INVEST Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; INVEST Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Jan 1;368:374-382. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.046. Epub 2024 Sep 18.
Research suggests an association between parental psychiatric disorders and offspring anxiety disorders, yet comprehensive studies are limited. This study aims to investigate the associations between various parental psychiatric disorders and anxiety disorders in their offspring.
Using Finnish register data, this nested case-control study analyzed 867,175 singleton live births from 1992 to 2006, identifying 21,671 cases of anxiety disorders diagnosed between 1998 and 2016. Matched with four controls each (n = 72,414) based on age and biological sex, the study adjusted for demographic and prenatal factors using conditional logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (aORs).
There was a significant association between parental psychiatric disorders and increased risk of anxiety disorders in offspring. The risk was notably higher when both parents had psychiatric disorders (aOR = 5.04; 95 % CI, 4.70-5.39; p < .001). Maternal psychiatric disorders were strongly associated with offspring anxiety than paternal disorders (aOR 1.52; 95 % CI 1.43-1.61; p < .001). This association was consistent regardless of timing of parental diagnosis. Significant associations were observed between any parental psychiatric disorder and increased risks in offspring for specific phobia, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety, and panic disorder. Maternal psychiatric disorders showed elevated risk for panic disorder and social phobia among girls and separation anxiety and generalized anxiety among boys.
The findings emphasize the significant impact of parental psychiatric health on offspring anxiety disorders, highlighting the influence of genetic and environmental factors. Addressing parental mental health is crucial in preventing childhood anxiety disorders.
研究表明，父母的精神障碍与子女的焦虑障碍之间存在关联，但全面的研究有限。本研究旨在调查各种父母精神障碍与子女焦虑障碍之间的关联。
使用芬兰登记数据，这项嵌套病例对照研究分析了 1992 年至 2006 年间出生的 867175 名单胎活产儿，确定了 1998 年至 2016 年间诊断出的 21671 例焦虑障碍病例。根据年龄和生物性别与每个病例匹配 4 名对照（n=72414），使用条件逻辑回归模型调整人口统计学和产前因素，计算比值比（aOR）。
父母的精神障碍与子女患焦虑障碍的风险增加显著相关。当父母双方都有精神障碍时，风险显著更高（aOR=5.04；95%置信区间，4.70-5.39；p<.001）。与父亲的精神障碍相比，母亲的精神障碍与子女的焦虑障碍更密切相关（aOR 1.52；95%置信区间，1.43-1.61；p<.001）。这种关联在父母诊断时间上是一致的。任何父母的精神障碍与特定恐惧症、社交恐惧症、广泛性焦虑障碍、分离焦虑和恐慌障碍的风险增加之间均存在显著关联。母亲的精神障碍显示出在女孩中患恐慌障碍和社交恐惧症以及在男孩中患分离焦虑和广泛性焦虑障碍的风险增加。
研究结果强调了父母精神健康对子女焦虑障碍的重大影响，突出了遗传和环境因素的影响。解决父母的心理健康问题对于预防儿童焦虑障碍至关重要。
