Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Ann Hematol. 2024 Nov;103(11):4811-4815. doi: 10.1007/s00277-024-06011-4. Epub 2024 Sep 21.
Chronic myeloid leukemia presenting de novo in the blast phase (CML-BP) is a rare diagnosis among pediatric malignancies. We report on a 16-year-old male who presented with CML-BP lymphoid at diagnosis. He was treated with shortened acute lymphoblastic leukemia induction plus the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib followed by dasatinib. After achieving molecular remission (MR), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed early after diagnosis. Despite prophylactic dasatinib, he relapsed 3 months later with the kinase domain mutation T315I. Multiple therapeutic approaches including ponatinib, blinatumomab, a 2nd HSCT from a different donor, donor lymphocyte infusions, and high-dose asciminib all resulted in subsequent relapse. Another molecular response was achieved by combining ponatinib plus asciminib with chemotherapy. In this situation, CD19-directed CAR-T cells (Kymriah) were administered for compassionate use and tolerated without adverse events. Compared to all prior therapies, CAR T-cells maintained remission. After 12 months of follow-up, complete B-cell aplasia and low numbers of CAR-T cells are detectable in the peripheral blood, potentially mediating long-term disease control.
慢性髓系白血病(CML)呈原始细胞危象(CML-BP)是儿科恶性肿瘤中罕见的诊断。我们报告了一例 16 岁男性,诊断时表现为 CML-BP 淋巴母细胞白血病。他接受了缩短的急性淋巴细胞白血病诱导治疗加酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)伊马替尼,随后是达沙替尼。在达到分子缓解(MR)后,在诊断后早期进行造血干细胞移植(HSCT)。尽管进行了预防性达沙替尼治疗,但他在 3 个月后因激酶结构域突变 T315I 复发。多种治疗方法,包括帕纳替尼、blinatumomab、来自不同供体的第 2 次 HSCT、供者淋巴细胞输注和高剂量 asciminib,均导致随后复发。通过将 ponatinib 加 asciminib 与化疗联合使用,再次达到分子缓解。在这种情况下,为了同情使用,给予了 CD19 靶向嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞(Kymriah),并且没有发生不良反应。与所有先前的治疗方法相比,CAR-T 细胞维持缓解。在 12 个月的随访中,外周血中可检测到完全的 B 细胞发育不全和 CAR-T 细胞数量低,可能介导长期疾病控制。