Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Loudi Central Hospital, Loudi, China.
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Loudi Central Hospital, Loudi, China.
Rev Med Virol. 2024 Sep;34(5):e2584. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2584.
Neurotropic viruses have been implicated in altering the central nervous system microenvironment and promoting brain metastasis of breast cancer through complex interactions involving viral entry mechanisms, modulation of the blood-brain barrier, immune evasion, and alteration of the tumour microenvironment. This narrative review explores the molecular mechanisms by which neurotropic viruses such as Herpes Simplex Virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Japanese Encephalitis Virus, and Rabies Virus facilitate brain metastasis, focusing on their ability to disrupt blood-brain barrier integrity, modulate immune responses, and create a permissive environment for metastatic cell survival and growth within the central nervous system. Current therapeutic implications and challenges in targeting neurotropic viruses to prevent or treat brain metastasis are discussed, highlighting the need for innovative strategies and multidisciplinary approaches in virology, oncology, and immunology.
神经嗜性病毒通过涉及病毒进入机制、血脑屏障调节、免疫逃逸和肿瘤微环境改变的复杂相互作用，被认为可以改变中枢神经系统微环境，并促进乳腺癌的脑转移。本综述探讨了神经嗜性病毒（如单纯疱疹病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒、日本脑炎病毒和狂犬病病毒）促进脑转移的分子机制，重点关注它们破坏血脑屏障完整性、调节免疫反应以及在中枢神经系统内为转移细胞的存活和生长创造有利环境的能力。讨论了针对神经嗜性病毒的治疗意义和挑战，强调了病毒学、肿瘤学和免疫学领域需要创新策略和多学科方法。
