Liu Yuhan, Tian Shiping, Chen Tong
State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China.
J Exp Bot. 2025 Jan 10;76(2):277-284. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erae404.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a specialized organelle that connects almost all subcellular structures from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. The ER is involved in secretory protein synthesis, folding, and processing. Evidence has emerged that the ER is at the frontier of the battle between plant hosts and pathogens. Its structural and functional homeostasis is crucial for the survival of plant cells. Pathogens secrete effectors to take over normal functions of the ER, while host plants fight back to activate ER stress responses. Exciting advances have been made in studies on host plant-pathogen dynamics during the past decades, namely some new players involved have been recently resolved from both pathogens and hosts. In this review, we summarize advances in identifying structural characteristics of the key pathways and effectors targeting the ER. Newly identified ER-phagy receptors and components downstream of inositol-requiring 1 (IRE1) will be described. Future studies will be envisaged to further our understanding of the missing parts in this dynamic frontier.
内质网（ER）是一种特殊的细胞器，它连接了从质膜到细胞核的几乎所有亚细胞结构。内质网参与分泌蛋白的合成、折叠和加工。有证据表明，内质网处于植物宿主与病原体战斗的前沿。其结构和功能的稳态对植物细胞的存活至关重要。病原体分泌效应子以接管内质网的正常功能，而宿主植物则反击以激活内质网应激反应。在过去几十年中，关于宿主植物-病原体动态的研究取得了令人兴奋的进展，即最近已从病原体和宿主中解析出一些新的参与者。在本综述中，我们总结了在鉴定靶向内质网的关键途径和效应子的结构特征方面的进展。将描述新鉴定的内质网自噬受体和肌醇需求酶1（IRE1）下游的成分。未来的研究将有助于我们进一步了解这个动态前沿中缺失的部分。
